发表机构
Virginia Tech（弗吉尼亚理工大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究提出强驱动 Floquet 理论，将实验可实现的有限时长脉冲波形纳入相互作用多能级量子系统的有效相互作用设计，可产生新相互作用与对称性，为该类系统的控制设计提供可扩展分析框架。
AI 中文摘要
Floquet 驱动利用周期性控制来定制量子系统的行为，可应用于量子类比模拟、传感以及量子信息保护。大多数方法采用理想化的瞬时脉冲设计，而实验中必然使用具有有限时长和特定形状的脉冲，这种不匹配对相互作用的 d 能级系统（即多能级量子系统 qudit）而言尤为棘手，因为控制方式的数量随能级数目快速增长。我们提出一种强驱动 Floquet 理论，将实验可实现的脉冲波形直接纳入有效相互作用的设计中，使脉冲时长、振幅和形状成为有用的控制参数而非误差来源。我们证明，多于两个能级的系统具备量子比特系统无法实现的能力：有限时长驱动可产生原系统不存在的新相互作用，并大幅改变其对称性。我们在相互作用三能级系统中演示了这些能力：单个脉冲可将对角相互作用转化为向列相互作用主导的量子自旋-1 模型，而基于囚禁超冷极性分子的脉冲方案可产生具有扩展 SU(2)×U(1) 和 SU(3) 对称性的模型。对短时演化和多体动力学的数值测试均证实了所得描述的准确性，我们的结果为相互作用多能级量子系统平台中有限时长控制的设计提供了可扩展的分析框架。
英文摘要
Floquet driving uses periodic controls to tailor the behavior of quantum systems, with applications in quantum analogue simulation, sensing, and the protection of quantum information. Most approaches are designed using idealized, instantaneous pulses, even though experiments necessarily use pulses with finite duration and shape. This mismatch becomes especially challenging for interacting $d$-level systems, or qudits, because the number of possible controls grows rapidly with the number of levels. We develop a strong-drive Floquet theory that incorporates experimentally realizable pulse waveforms directly into the design of the effective interactions. The pulse duration, amplitude, and shape therefore become useful control parameters rather than sources of error. We show that systems with more than two levels offer capabilities unavailable in qubit systems: finite-duration driving can create new interactions that are absent from the original system and can substantially change its symmetries. We demonstrate these capabilities for interacting three-level systems. A single pulse transforms a diagonal interaction into a quantum spin-1 model dominated by nematic interactions, while pulse protocols motivated by trapped ultracold polar molecules produce models with enlarged $SU(2)\times U(1)$ and $SU(3)$ symmetries. Numerical tests of both short-time evolution and many-body dynamics confirm the accuracy of the resulting description. Our results provide a scalable analytical framework for designing finite-duration controls in interacting qudit platforms.
