AI 中文总结
本文针对复合量子系统纠缠态分离子系统的测量问题，提出通过自由矢量空间的（陪集）态获取测量投影的方法，消除了随机坍缩的需求，揭示了非定域性的产生机制。
AI 中文摘要
复合量子系统的纠缠态已得到充分研究，这类系统具有类粒子性质，意味着即便处于纠缠态，它们也可在物理上分离并对分离后的子系统进行测量。对分离后的子系统A和B的测量应对应于每个子系统局部希尔伯特空间中的矢量，但迄今为止，人们仍不清楚如何阐明分离子系统的相关态，因为除可分态外，从张量积基给出的态中解析这些态并不直观。本文表明，对分离子系统的测量所探测到的任意一般纠缠态的投影，可通过考虑定义张量积空间的自由矢量空间中对应的（陪集）态来获取。该结果消除了对随机坍缩的需求，从这一视角看，非定域性的产生源于对每个分离子系统的测量投影可能测量结果的方式。
英文摘要
The entangled states of composite quantum systems are well studied. The particle-like nature of these systems also means that, while entangled, they can be physically separated and measurements performed on the separated subsystems. Measurements on the separated subsystems A and B should pertain to vectors in the local Hilbert space of each subsystem, but to date it has not been clear how to elucidate the relevant states of the separated subsystems because it is not obvious how to resolve them from states given in the tensor product basis, except for the separable states. Here it is shown that the projections of any general entangled state that are detected by measurements on the separated subsystems can be obtained considering the corresponding (cosets of) states in the free vector space from which the tensor product space is defined. The result eliminates the need to invoke random collapse, and from this perspective nonlocality arises because of the way measurements on each separated subsystem projects possible measurement outcomes.
