发表机构
Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University; RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research（立命馆大学生命科学研究生院; 理化学研究所生命动态研究）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文提出带T2-逆转变的扩展顶点模型，模拟力诱导的上皮组织局部脱离累积引发宏观破裂，拓展了顶点模型对组织破坏过程的描述能力。
AI 中文摘要
顶点模型被广泛用于描述上皮组织的力学特性，但其传统形式假设所有细胞保持紧密堆积，始终与相邻细胞共享边，难以表征局部脱离或间隙形成。本文提出顶点模型的最小扩展方案，通过引入新的拓扑变换T2-逆转变（经典T2转变的逆过程）实现细胞脱离：当作用于顶点的力失衡（由张力度量T量化）超过阈值时，T2-逆转变会将该顶点拆分为多个顶点，并生成一个闭合多边形作为伪细胞纳入模型，该操作可表征局部脱离事件的出现与传播。利用该框架模拟细胞片拉伸过程，结果显示力诱导的局部脱离会累积产生宏观组织破裂。这些结果表明，所提模型拓展了顶点模型描述组织层面破坏过程（包括脱离与撕裂）的能力，为研究更广泛的上皮力学现象奠定了基础。
英文摘要
The vertex model is widely used to describe the mechanics of epithelial tissues, but its conventional formulation assumes that all cells remain tightly packed and always share edges with their neighbors, making it difficult to represent local detachment or gap formation. Here, we propose a minimal extension of the vertex model that enables cell detachment by introducing a new topological transformation, T2-inverse, which acts as the inverse of the classical T2 transition. When the imbalance of forces acting on a vertex, quantified by a tension metric $T$, exceeds a threshold, the T2-inverse splits the vertex into multiple vertices and creates a closed polygon that is incorporated as a pseudo-cell. This operation allows the model to represent the emergence and propagation of local detachment events. Using this framework, we simulate the stretching of a cell sheet and show that force-induced local detachments can accumulate to produce macroscopic tissue rupture. These results demonstrate that the proposed model extends the capability of the vertex model to describe tissue-level breakdown processes, including detachment and tearing, and provides a foundation for studying a broader class of epithelial mechanical phenomena.
Comments7 pages
