核散射与裂变动力学中的量子复杂性
Quantum Complexity in Nuclear Scattering and Fission Dynamics
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究探究核反应动力学中二分纠缠熵与非定域魔的时间演化，分析一维费米子散射和²⁴⁰Pu裂变过程，发现量子计算机模拟核反应动力学有显著优势。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
量子计算机有望在模拟原子核等强关联量子多体系统时展现出经典计算机无法企及的优势，而要实现这一潜力，需明确目标问题的量子复杂性结构。本研究探究核反应动力学中量子复杂性的两个关键指标——二分纠缠熵与非定域魔（非稳定子性）的时间演化，分析两类典型动力学过程：一是受Negele势支配的一维强相互作用费米子模型中的散射过程，二是基于含时Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov（TDHFB）理论的²⁴⁰Pu裂变的真实模拟。前者研究发现，相互作用会动态生成纠缠与非定域魔，在出射态中留下量子复杂性的持久特征；后者观测到，在裂变后远超过断键时刻的子核空间二分区域中，仍存在大量量子复杂性。两类过程中均存在显著的非定域魔与纠缠，有力表明量子计算机将为精确模拟核反应动力学提供巨大优势。
英文摘要
Quantum computers promise advantages for simulating strongly correlated quantum many-body systems, like atomic nuclei, that are beyond the reach of classical computers. Realizing this potential requires understanding the quantum complexity structure of the target problem. We investigate the time-evolution of two key indicators of quantum complexity, bipartite entanglement entropy and non-local magic (non-stabilizerness), in nuclear reaction dynamics. We analyze two representative dynamical processes: scattering in a one-dimensional model of strongly interacting fermions governed by the Negele potential, and a realistic simulation of $^{240}$Pu fission within time-dependent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (TDHFB) theory. In the former case, we find that interactions dynamically generate both entanglement and non-local magic, leaving persistent signatures of quantum complexity in the outgoing states. In the latter, we observe that substantial quantum complexity survives in the spatial bipartition of daughter fragments well beyond scission. The presence of significant non-local magic and entanglement in both cases strongly indicate that quantum computers would provide substantial advantages for accurately simulating nuclear reaction dynamics.
发表机构
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory（劳伦斯利弗莫尔国家实验室）
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