水下声信道库

中文摘要 AI 辅助

通信系统的发展高度依赖真实的信道模型，但水下声通信领域尚无广泛接受的标准，这与已实现信道模型标准化且广泛可用的陆地无线电通信形成鲜明对比。为解决这一缺口，我们推出了一个开放获取的水下声信道库，其数据源自不同地理位置、不同传播条件下的实地实验，涵盖浅水区与深水区、短距离与长距离、固定平台与移动平台等场景。每个信道都通过时变冲激响应来描述，该响应是采用自适应算法从海上记录中提取的，此算法可分别识别多径结构以及多普勒引起的相位和延迟漂移。每个信道还配有特定站点的环境噪声模型，该模型捕获有色高斯噪声和脉冲噪声的统计特性。大多数信道支持水听器阵列的空间分集接收，单水听器场景则包含时间分集。该库附带一个简单的重放接口，用户可提供任意发射信号，将其通过选定的信道，添加期望信噪比（SNR）的噪声，进而得到接收信号。通过对比基准接收机在重放信号上的输出信噪比与其在原始海上记录上的性能，对这些模型进行了验证，结果显示所有信道的一致性都很高。该库包含所有信道冲激响应、噪声模型参数和重放软件，作为开源包可免费下载。

英文摘要

The development of communication systems critically depends on realistic channel models, yet there are no widely accepted standards in the underwater acoustic communications community. The situation is in stark contrast to terrestrial radio communications, where channel models have been standardized and are widely available. To address this gap, we present an open-access library of underwater acoustic channels derived from field experiments conducted across geographically distinct locations and varying propagation conditions, including shallow and deep water, short and long range, and fixed and mobile platforms. Each channel is described by a time-varying impulse response extracted from at-sea recordings using an adaptive algorithm that separately identifies the multipath structure and the Doppler-induced phase and delay drift. Each channel is also accompanied by a site-specific ambient noise model, which captures the statistics of colored Gaussian noise and impulsive noise. Spatial diversity reception across an array of hydrophones is supported for most channels, while time diversity is included for single-hydrophone scenarios. The library is accompanied by a simple replay interface through which a user supplies an arbitrary transmit signal, passes it through a chosen channel, adds noise at a desired signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and obtains the received signal. The models are validated by comparing the output SNR of a baseline receiver operating on replayed signals with its performance on the original at-sea recordings, demonstrating close agreement across all channels. The library, including all channel impulse responses, noise model parameters, and replay software, is freely available for download as an open-source package.

发表机构

• Northeastern University（东北大学）
• The University of Alabama（阿拉巴马大学）
• National University of Singapore（新加坡国立大学）
• Stony Brook University（石溪大学）
• JPAnalytics
• Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI)（挪威国防研究局）

机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。