发表机构
ITAMP, Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian; Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Fermioniq（哈佛-史密森天体物理中心; 内盖夫本-古里安大学物理系; Fermioniq）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
该研究针对三个量子比特系统，通过解析与数值分析多边界多体量子隐形传态协议，揭示第三个系统对传态的抑制作用，为构建多体隐形传态网络奠定基础。
AI 中文摘要
与标准量子隐形传态不同，多体隐形传态利用 scrambling（ scrambling 指量子信息的混乱化过程）传输量子信息。在该协议中，初始局域化的信息会扩散至多个自由度，之后通过系统间的简单耦合，再经进一步的多体演化，在接收端重新聚焦。该协议源于全息可穿越虫洞模型，现已成为探测 scrambling 的有用工具。尤其当时序 out-of-time-order correlators（OTOC，时序有序关联函数）失效时，它可区分 genuine scrambling（真实 scrambling）与退相干或噪声，还能揭示不同 scrambling 机制的特征，包括全息系统中预期的独特行为。全息理论预测，相关协议可在多边界虫洞几何的选定边界间传输信息。受此背景启发，我们研究三个量子比特系统间的单量子比特多体隐形传态。初始态为分布在三者间的 EPR 对，构成无限温三边界全息态的简单类比。我们采用一维及全对全动力学，通过随机电路进行解析与数值分析。研究发现，当扩散的信息到达与第三个系统纠缠的量子比特区域时，第三个系统会抑制隐形传态。在一维情况下，成功隐形传态所需的最小耦合强度及保真度，均取决于注入位点到该区域的距离，这一特征类似全息因果阴影。对于全对全动力学，成功的隐形传态仅局限于早期，且与第三个系统纠缠的量子比特数量需足够少。因此，第三个系统为信息扩散提供了双边协议所缺失的空间或子系统分辨率。我们的研究成果为多体隐形传态网络的构建迈出了一步。
英文摘要
Unlike standard quantum teleportation, many-body teleportation uses scrambling to transmit quantum information. In this protocol, initially localized information spreads over many degrees of freedom and is later refocused at the receiver by a simple coupling between the systems, followed by further many-body evolution. The protocol was developed from models of traversable wormholes in holography and has become a useful probe of scrambling. In particular, it can distinguish genuine scrambling from decoherence or noise when out-of-time-order correlators fail, and can reveal signatures of different scrambling mechanisms, including the distinctive behavior expected in holographic systems. Holography predicts that related protocols can transmit information between selected boundaries of multi-boundary wormhole geometries. Motivated by this setting, we study single-qubit many-body teleportation among three systems of qubits. The initial state consists of EPR pairs distributed among them, providing a simple analogue of an infinite-temperature three-boundary holographic state. We analyze the protocol with one-dimensional and all-to-all dynamics, both analytically and numerically using random circuits. We find that the third system suppresses teleportation once the spreading message reaches the region of qubits that are entangled with it. In one dimension, both the minimum coupling required for successful teleportation and the fidelity depend on the distance from the injection site to this region, a feature reminiscent of holographic causal shadows. For all-to-all dynamics, successful teleportation is instead restricted to early times and to sufficiently few qubits entangled with the third system. A third system therefore provides spatial, or subsystem, resolution of information spreading that is absent from the two-sided protocol. Our results offer a step toward many-body teleportation networks.
Comments17 pages, 7 figures
