权衡对进化可导航性与上位性的依赖于结构的效应
Architecture-dependent Effects of Trade-offs on Evolutionary Navigability and Epistasis
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究通过可调节的多层基因型-表型映射框架，揭示了进化可导航性与上位性对崎岖度、权衡的效应依赖于映射结构，还发现等位基因频率变化的时间协方差可源于该映射结构。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
基因型-表型映射的结构在决定种群如何在适应度景观中移动方面发挥核心作用，但人们对该结构如何与环境约束和适应度权衡相互作用的了解较少。本研究在可调节的多层基因型-表型映射上探究进化，其中二元基因型经过连续的前馈层转换后，由表型水平的适应度函数进行评估。我们明确建模了表型到适应度的转换，以对比涌现的权衡适应度与无权衡对照。通过调整基因型长度和层数，我们探索不同的映射结构，以此作为更复杂和较不复杂的基因型-表型关系的模型。我们发现， ruggedness（崎岖度）与可导航性存在复杂的、依赖于结构的关系：具有较少局部最大值的景观对于宽而浅的映射仍可能具有低可导航性，而对于宽而深的映射，即使在崎岖度的均值水平下可导航性也较高。权衡会增加宽而浅映射的可导航性，而在其他结构中其效应会减弱。权衡对上位性的效应取决于进化历史：权衡会改变进化所采样的突变邻域，而上位性相互作用的背景程度由映射结构决定。最后，我们利用该框架研究高适应度种群的微进化，发现等位基因频率变化的时间协方差可由崎岖基因型-表型映射的内部结构产生，形成类似短期交替选择的特征。
英文摘要
The structure of the genotype-phenotype map plays a central role in determining how populations move through fitness landscapes, yet less is known about how this structure interacts with environmental constraints and fitness trade-offs. Here, we study evolution on a tunable multilayer genotype-phenotype map in which binary genotypes are transformed through successive feed-forward layers before being evaluated by phenotype-level fitness functions. We explicitly model the phenotype to fitness transformation in order to compare an emergent trade-off fitness with a no-trade-off control. We explore different map architecture as models of more and less complex genotype-phenotype relationships by tuning the genotype length and number of layers. We find that ruggedness and navigability have a complex, architecture-dependent relationship. Landscapes with few local maxima can still have low navigability for wide and shallow maps, and navigability is high even at mean values of ruggedness for wide and deep maps. Trade-offs increase navigability in wide and shallow maps, while their effect is muted in other architectures. The effect of trade-offs on epistasis depends on evolutionary history. While trade-offs change which mutational neighborhoods are sampled by evolution, the background degree of epistatic interactions is set by map architecture. Finally, we use our framework to investigate micro-evolution of high-fitness populations and show that temporal covariance in allele-frequency changes can arise from the internal structure of a rugged genotype-phenotype map, producing signatures that resemble short-term alternating selection.
发表机构
- National Institute of Advanced Studies（国立高级研究所）
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