发表机构
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota; School of Physics, Anhui University（明尼苏达大学物理与天文学院; 安徽大学物理学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究提出基于超辐射的自旋分布模型，结合GWTCs引力波数据，发现质量约10^-12 eV的标量玻色子可解释双黑洞质量-自旋关联，贝叶斯因子达ln B≈7.8，为超轻玻色子存在提供支持。
AI 中文摘要
超轻玻色子可在快速旋转黑洞中触发超辐射不稳定性，在提取旋转能的同时形成振荡云。我们考虑一种扩展的、基于超辐射的自旋分布模型，该模型可表征环境诱导的自旋变化，并将其预测结果与引力波瞬变目录（GWTCs）中观测到的并合双黑洞族群进行比较。我们发现，质量$m_b\backsim10^{-12}\rm eV$的标量玻色子所预测的质量-自旋关系与GWTCs相符，从GWTC-3.0到5.0的显著性逐渐提升，GWTC-5.0的贝叶斯因子达到$\rm ln B\backsim7.8$。有趣的是，该质量范围与此前基于GW190728引力波事件波形分析的研究结果高度吻合。我们的发现为基于超辐射的自旋分布模型与不断扩充的双黑洞族群数据集高度兼容提供了有力证据。
英文摘要
Ultralight bosons could trigger superradiant instabilities in rapidly spinning black holes, forming oscillating clouds while extracting rotational energy. We consider an extended, superradiance-informed spin distribution model that characterizes possible environment-induced spin variations and compare its predictions with the observed population of merging black hole binaries in the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalogs (GWTCs). We find that the mass-spin relation predicted by a scalar boson with mass $m_b\sim 10^{-12} \,\rm eV$ is consistent with the GWTCs, with increasing significance from GWTC-3.0 to 5.0. The Bayes factor reaches $\ln B \approx 7.8$ for GWTC-5.0. Intriguingly, this mass range largely coincides with a previous study based on a waveform analysis of the GW190728 gravitational wave event. Our findings provide compelling evidence that a superradiance-informed spin distribution model is highly compatible with the expanding binary black hole population dataset.
Comments21 pages, 14 figures
