AI 中文总结
该研究提出真菌菌丝网络展现最小认知，通过四项操作标准及分布式记忆机制满足认知条件，挑战认知科学表征主义假设，拓展了对认知系统物质基质的认知。
AI 中文摘要
本文提出真菌菌丝网络通过整合记忆的适应性调控展现出最小认知。基于控制论和生成主义框架，作者提出一种非表征性的记忆解释，即记忆是有机体基于时间延展的环境耦合来调节行为的能力。作者提出最小认知的四项操作标准：反馈引导的行为调控、内部生存条件的维持、基于过往环境相互作用的结构调节、支持预期适应性的跨时间尺度可塑性。实证证据表明真菌通过分布式记忆机制满足所有四项标准：真菌网络在空间位移后仍会向先前遇到的资源定向再生；胁迫预适应会在多次细胞分裂后持续存在；在受限环境中通过Spitzenkörper（顶体）介导的定向持久性；以及通过孢子印记实现的跨代记忆。这些发现挑战了认知科学中的表征主义假设，表明记忆和认知可从形态动力学、生物化学和电生理过程中产生，无需神经基质或符号表征。真菌认知证明认知的组织原则——反馈驱动的适应、规范维持和历史耦合——可在截然不同的物质基质中实现，拓展了对何为认知系统的理解。
英文摘要
This paper argues that fungal mycelial networks exhibit minimal cognition through memory-integrated adaptive regulation. Drawing on cybernetic and enactivist frameworks, I develop a non-representational account of memory as the organism's capacity to modulate behavior based on temporally extended environmental coupling. I propose four operational criteria for minimal cognition: feedback-guided regulation of behavior, maintenance of internal viability conditions, structural modulation based on past environmental interactions, and plasticity across time scales that supports anticipatory adaptivity. Empirical evidence demonstrates that fungi meet all four criteria through distributed memory mechanisms: fungal networks exhibit directional regrowth toward previously encountered resources even after spatial displacement; stress priming persists across multiple cell divisions; Spitzenkörper-mediated directional persistence in constrained environments; and transgenerational memory through spore imprinting. These findings challenge representationalist assumptions in cognitive science by showing that memory and cognition can emerge from morphodynamic, biochemical, and electrophysiological processes without necessary neural substrates or symbolic representations. Fungal cognition demonstrates that the organizational principles underlying cognition - feedback-driven adaptation, norm-preservation, and historical coupling - can be realized in radically different material substrates, expanding our understanding of what counts as a cognitive system.
Journal refTop. Cogn. Sci. (2026) e70070
