迎接即将到来的浪潮：33个议会中人工智能与工作的新兴政治

中文摘要 AI 辅助

一种新的人工智能与工作相关政治正于各政党体系中形成，但比较政治学尚未对其进行梳理。我们利用33个议会2023至2026年间的1514950份议会演讲内容开展研究，结果显示，这种政治遵循的逻辑与政治经济学的预期不同。研究曾预测技术颠覆会催生补偿诉求，但实际上补偿仅占回应框架提及内容的2.3%，而赋能与投资占比最高（55.2%），规制与限制次之（21.8%），培训（20.6%）在各政党家族中的出现比例相近。各政党的分歧在于人工智能对工作的意义以及该技术应被限制到何种程度：主流右翼与极右翼支持无限制的赋能，左翼持批判态度但在补救措施上存在分歧，社会民主党倾向于采用导向，绿党意见均分，极左翼是明确支持限制的力量。因此，人工智能冲突并非关乎颠覆后的补偿，而是关乎政治应赋能技术变革还是管控其发展轨迹。

英文摘要

A new politics of artificial intelligence and work is taking shape across party systems, but comparative politics has yet to map it. Using 1,514,950 parliamentary speeches from 33 parliaments (2023-2026), we show this politics follows a different logic than political economy expects. Research anticipates that technological disruption generates demands for compensation; instead, compensation accounts for just 2.3% of response-frame mentions, while enablement and investment dominate (55.2%), regulation and restriction follow (21.8%), and training (20.6%) appears at similar rates across families. Parties disagree instead over what AI means for work and how far this technology should be restrained. The mainstream and radical right support unrestricted enablement; the left is critical but divided on remedy. Social democrats stay adoption-oriented; greens split evenly. The radical left is the clearest force for restriction. The AI conflict thus concerns not compensation after disruption, but whether politics should enable technological change or govern its trajectory.

发表机构

• Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam（阿姆斯特丹自由大学）
• University of Amsterdam（阿姆斯特丹大学）

机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。