超越结果差距：面向基于大语言模型的多智能体决策系统的过程感知公平性诊断
Beyond Outcome Gaps: Process-Aware Fairness Diagnosis for LLM-based Multi-Agent Decision Systems
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics（南京航空航天大学）
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Novel Software Technology and Industrialization（新型软件技术与产业化协同创新中心）
- Shandong University（山东大学）
- School of Software Technology, Zhejiang University（浙江大学软件学院）
- Ningbo Global Innovation Center, Zhejiang University（浙江大学宁波全球创新中心）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
针对基于LLM的多智能体招聘决策系统，提出SCOPED-Hiring流程开展过程感知公平性诊断，发现结果平衡掩盖轨迹不公平，针对性修复可降负担且对招聘率影响极小。
AI中文摘要：
基于大语言模型（LLM）的多智能体系统（MAS）正日益被用于高风险决策，但基于结果的公平性审计可能会忽略决策轨迹内部风险产生的位置。我们提出SCOPED-Hiring，这是一种面向基于LLM的招聘MAS的过程感知公平性诊断流程。SCOPED-Hiring构建受控简历变体，运行基于角色的招聘委员会，记录超过31.1万条结构化决策轨迹，并将轨迹字段转换为由六个诊断维度组织的定量公平性信号：最终结果、反事实、过程、路径、动态和设计效应。SCOPED-Hiring揭示，平衡的最终招聘率可能掩盖多智能体决策轨迹中隐藏的轨迹不公平：职业差距引发怀疑、代理线索影响资质判断、身份线索导致调查不平等。基于这些诊断的针对性修复将总分层负担降低了72.3%，同时仅使招聘率变动1.86个百分点，表明过程诊断可指导有效修复。项目页面：this https URL
英文摘要：
LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) are increasingly considered for high-stakes decision-making, yet outcome-based fairness audits can miss where risks arise within the decision trajectory. We present SCOPED-Hiring, a process-aware fairness diagnosis pipeline for LLM-based hiring MAS. SCOPED-Hiring constructs controlled resume variants, runs role-based hiring committees, logs over 311K structured decision trajectories, and converts trajectory fields into quantitative fairness signals organized by six diagnostic lenses: final outcome, counterfactual, process, pathway, dynamic, and design effects. SCOPED-Hiring reveals that balanced final hire rates can mask hidden trajectory unfairness in multi-agent decision trajectories: career gaps trigger suspicion, proxy cues shape qualification judgments, and identity cues lead to unequal investigation. Targeted repair guided by these diagnoses reduces total layered burden by 72.3% while shifting the hire rate by only 1.86 pp, showing that process diagnosis can guide effective repair. Project Page: https://scoped-hiring-project-page.vercel.app/
