发表机构
Space Engineering University（航天工程大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
该研究提出利用圆柱形玻璃蒸汽池作为角度编码介电结构的新方法，结合里德堡原子与EIT光谱，实现0°-90°微波AoA探测，角分辨率达0.05°，为紧凑单传感器AoA接收器提供了新途径。
AI 中文摘要
微波到达角（AoA）测量对雷达、通信和频谱监测至关重要。现有的基于里德堡原子的AoA方案采用与本地振荡器的相位差测量、驻波荧光成像或带有内部金属反射器的幅度比读出。本文展示了一种新方法：圆柱形玻璃蒸汽池直接用作角度编码的介电结构，无需多个孔径、本地振荡器或成像光学元件。圆柱形几何结构产生角度相关的反射和场重分布，将入射AoA映射到里德堡系综采样的有效微波场。该有效场通过电磁诱导透明（EIT）光谱中的Autler-Townes（A-T）分裂进行光学读出。11.64 GHz下的全波模拟和实验证实了0°-90°范围内确定性的几何介导响应。在单调工作范围（55°-125°）内，角分辨率（最小可区分增量）为0.05°，全范围内的角精度（重复测量的RMSE）为0.13°，在最优区域（65°-115°）提升至0.05°。该方法占用约2.5 cm³的传感体积，为里德堡AoA接收器提供了紧凑的单传感器途径。
英文摘要
Microwave angle-of-arrival(AoA) measurement is essential for radar, communication, and spectrum mon-itoring. Existing Rydberg-atom-based AoA schemes employ phase-difference measurements with local oscil-lators, standing-wave fluorescence imaging, or amplitude-ratio readout with internal metal reflectors. Here we demonstrate a new approach: a cylindrical glass vapor cell serving directly as an angle-encoding dielectric structure, eliminating the need for multiple apertures, local oscillators, or imaging optics. The cylindrical geometry produces angle-dependent reflection and field redistribution, mapping the incident AoA onto the effective microwave field sampled by the Rydberg ensemble. This effective field is read out optically via the Autler-Townes(A-T) splitting in the electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) spectrum. Full-wave simulations and experiments at 11.64 GHz confirm a deterministic, geometry-mediated response over 0°-90°.Over the monotonic operating range(55°-125°), the angular resolution(minimum distinguishable increment)is 0.05°, and the angular accuracy(RMSE of repeated measurements) is 0.13° across the full range, improving to 0.05° in the optimal region(65°-115°). Occupying a sensing volume of~2.5 cm3, this method offers a compact, single-sensor pathway toward Rydberg AoA receivers.
Comments6 pages
