发表机构
Iowa State University（爱荷华州立大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文提出一种可重构多轴信息物理水洞系统，可通过软件调整流固耦合实验的机械阻抗与约束，经多类实验验证其能支撑多工况非定常流固耦合研究。
AI 中文摘要
流固耦合（FSI）实验中，改变机械阻抗和约束条件通常需要修改或重建物理装置。本文提出一种可重构信息物理水洞系统，这些特性可通过软件定义和重新分配。该系统具备三个平动自由度和一个转动自由度，每个自由度可独立指定运动、通过用户定义的虚拟动力学响应测得的流体载荷，或保持固定，允许在同一实验中组合主动、被动和约束运动。六轴力/力矩传感器向实时控制器提供流体动力载荷，通用控制架构协调运动、虚拟动力学、模式切换、数据采集及流场测量。我们通过翼型俯仰实验验证指定运动操作，重现已确立的推力和功率缩放趋势；通过主动升沉/被动俯仰振荡器验证力响应操作，重现已发表基准的共振趋势。随后，我们将同一装置重新配置用于周期内主动-被动俯仰、协调垂直轴涡轮运动学、主动升沉/被动 surge 运动，以及贴合物体的多层立体粒子图像测速。这些实验涵盖不同运动配置、机械阻抗、约束和测量序列，无需更改核心运动与传感硬件。因此，该系统通过使机械阻抗和约束可通过软件重构，为研究多工况非定常流固耦合提供了实验架构。
英文摘要
Fluid--structure interaction (FSI) experiments are typically built around mechanical dynamics and constraints imposed by the physical apparatus, so changing mass, stiffness, damping, or allowable motion often requires hardware reconfiguration. Here we present a reconfigurable cyber-physical framework in which these properties are instead assigned through software-defined dynamics. The system provides three translational and one rotational degree of freedom, each independently configurable as prescribed, load-responsive, or locked, with operating roles that can also be reassigned during a running experiment. Measured forces and torques are incorporated into real-time virtual dynamic models, while a common supervisory architecture coordinates multi-axis motion, mode switching, synchronized data acquisition, and diagnostic positioning. The prescribed-motion pathway is validated using a pitching hydrofoil by comparison with published thrust and power scaling trends, while the load-responsive pathway is evaluated using an active-heave/passive-pitch benchmark that reproduces the expected frequency-dependent resonant response over the tested conditions. The same platform is then reconfigured for intra-cycle active--passive pitching, coordinated vertical-axis turbine-surrogate motion, force-driven passive surge, and automated multilayer stereoscopic particle image velocimetry. These results demonstrate that distinct FSI boundary conditions and measurement requirements can be implemented within a common motion, sensing, and control architecture. By treating mechanical roles and constraints as software-defined experimental variables, the framework provides a reusable basis for reconfigurable FSI experiments without redesigning the underlying platform for each application.
