发表机构
Los Alamos National Laboratory; University of Lethbridge（洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室; 莱斯布里奇大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
该论文探究能量守恒、洛伦兹破缺与第二时间维度的关联，构建含第二时间维度的洛伦兹不变性模型，分析参数有限时的可能偏差，并研究相关实验限制。
AI 中文摘要
能量守恒定律可表述为：能量既不能被创造也不能被毁灭，只能从一种形式转化为另一种形式。实验室中证明能量在转化过程中无增减的实验较为罕见。有趣的是，能量守恒、洛伦兹破缺与存在第二时间维度的可能性之间存在密切关联。我们在包含第二时间维度的洛伦兹不变性模型中探究这一关联。该模型的洛伦兹变换矩阵在定义额外维度相对大小的参数取极限时，会简化为熟知的单时间维度版本。若该参数为有限值，人们可能会对质量的能量等价性产生误解，或观测到与公认的时间膨胀形式主义的偏差。我们探究了该新参数的不同实验限制，包括来自标准模型扩展（Standard-Model Extension）的洛伦兹破缺参数。
英文摘要
The law of conservation of energy can be stated: Energy can neither be created or destroyed but only converted to from one form to another. Laboratory experiments demonstrating that no energy is lost or gained during a conversion have been rare. Interestingly, there is a close connection between energy conservation, Lorentz violation and the possibility of a second dimension of time. We explore this connection within a model of Lorentz invariance that incorporates a second dimension of time. The model's Lorentz transformation matrix reduces to the well-known one-dimension of time version in the limit of a parameter that defines the relative size of the extra dimension. If the parameter is finite, one might misinterpret the energy equivalence of mass or observe a deviation from the accepted time dilation formalism. We explore different experimental limits on this new parameter including Lorentz violating parameters from the Standard-Model Extension.
