发表机构
The University of Arizona; Georgia Institute of Technology（亚利桑那大学; 佐治亚理工学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文综述传统及新型台式核聚变方法，探讨磁约束、惯性约束核聚变相关核科学问题，研究无中子核聚变等方案，阐述氘-氚核聚变民用问题及太空旅行应用。
AI 中文摘要
多个物理学领域的进展为小型化、更高能量密度的路径开辟了新方向，以推进用于核聚变的小型系统。本文综述了传统及当前受关注的几种新型“台式”方法，还探讨了磁约束和惯性约束核聚变背景下出现的若干相关且具挑战性的核科学实际问题。内容重点包括：以太阳核聚变循环为例，关注无中子核聚变反应链；结合天然同位素丰度，更细致评估“无限能源”在实际核聚变功率实现中的意义；介绍激光驱动质子-硼核聚变的成果，以及延伸至自维持、近乎完全无中子的质子-硼-氮化物反应循环；提出另一种无中子方案，靶材为铍与轻氦同位素的混合物，该氦-3可说是本文提及最多的核聚变组分；深入研究用于核聚变的等离子体光电场增强，以及粒子（μ子）催化核聚变选项；阐述将氘-氚核聚变用于民用的问题；介绍无中子核聚变在太空旅行中的潜在应用。
英文摘要
Advances in several physics domains open up novel paths to smaller scale, higher energy density opportunities to advance small systems for nuclear fusion. Here we survey both legacy and several novel ``table-top'' approaches which attract current interest. We furthermore address a few related practical and challenging nuclear science topics arising in the context of magnetic confinement and inertial confinement fusion. The contents emphasis includes: By example of solar fusion cycles we draw attention to aneutronic fusion reaction chains. Considering the natural isotopic abundances we assess more carefully the meaning of the term ``limitless energy'' in the context of actual fusion power realizations. We describe achievements in laser-driven proton-boron fusion, and extensions to a self-sustaining and nearly fully aneutronic proton-boron-nitride reaction cycle. We propose another aneutronic option, where the target is a mix of beryllium and light helium isotope; this 3-helium is arguably the most mentioned fusion component in this article. We look in depth at the plasmonic opto-electric field-enhancement for fusion, and at the particle (muon) catalyzed fusion option. We describe problems in harnessing the dt fusion for civilian use. We introduce space travel as forthcoming application of aneutronic fusion.
Comments69 pages, 22 figures; in press MDPI Particles
