利用SKA-Low重建异常空气簇射
Reconstruction of anomalous air showers with SKA-Low
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究针对无法直接探测的双峰广延空气簇射，利用SKA-Low的射电特征，通过两点发射模型和蛮力法实现其纵向轮廓参数的重建。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
双峰簇射是一类由蒙特卡罗模拟预测的令人惊讶的广延空气簇射（EAS），迄今为止尚无实验能够直接探测到。当高能次级粒子（主导粒子）比其余粒子传播远得多时，就会产生具有双峰纵向轮廓的双峰簇射。双峰簇射的独特射电特征表现为信号中的多个脉冲和频谱中的干涉图样，这使得可以通过射电观测重建其纵向轮廓。SKA-Low拥有密集的天线阵列和宽频率范围，将成为首个能够探测这些特征的观测台，为研究强子相互作用以及利用元素的独特特征提供新的质量组成测量机会。本分析的目标是迈出利用这些射电特征重建双峰簇射纵向轮廓相关参数的第一步。我们将首先解释双峰簇射与普通簇射相比的射电信号，接着创建一个简单的两点发射模型来解释频谱中的干涉图样，该模型可通过反演得到两个峰的大气深度的初步估计值，最后我们采用蛮力法来重建双峰的多个参数。
英文摘要
Double-bump showers are a surprising class of extensive air showers (EAS) predicted by Monte Carlo simulations, which, so far, no experiment has been able to directly detect. They occur when a high-energy secondary particle, the leading particle, travels significantly farther than the rest, creating a distinct double-peaked longitudinal profile. The unique radio footprint of double-bump showers, characterized by multiple pulses in the signals and interference patterns in the frequency spectra, enables reconstruction of longitudinal profiles from radio observations. With its dense antenna array and broad frequency range, SKA-Low will be the first observatory capable of detecting these features, offering a new opportunity to probe hadronic interactions and use the distinctive signatures of elements to provide new mass composition measurements. The goal of this analysis is to take the first steps toward using these radio signatures to reconstruct the relevant parameters of the longitudinal profile of a double-bump shower. We will start by explaining the radio signal of double-bump}showers compared to that of average showers. Then we will create a simple 2-point emission model to explain the interference patterns in the frequency spectra, which can be inverted to obtain rudimentary estimates of atmospheric depth of both peaks. Lastly, we implement a brute-force approach to reconstruct multiple parameters of the double bump.
