局部表面载荷下颗粒介质中的侵入体动力学
Intruder dynamics in granular media under localized surface loading
- Université Paris-Saclay（巴黎萨克雷大学）
- Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)（坎皮纳斯州立大学机械工程学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
研究局部表面载荷下颗粒介质中水平驱动球形侵入体的动力学，发现表面过载会引发侵入体瞬态减速，建立含表面应力传递的模型，为量化表面应力对地下侵入体动力学的影响提供框架。
AI中文摘要：
我们通过实验研究了在承受局部表面过载的颗粒介质中，以恒定力水平驱动的球形侵入体的动力学。自由表面下的侵入体运动在准静态区域表现为恒定加速度，而表面载荷的存在会在侵入体经过加载区域下方时引发显著的瞬态减速。这种减速的幅度随施加的过载增大而增加，并在过载较大时达到饱和，同时随侵入体深度增加而减小。引入特征时间尺度和基于过载的弗劳德数后，我们证明减速动力学可归约为统一的主曲线。我们进一步开发了一个包含表面应力传递的模型，该模型能部分捕捉侵入体的减速现象。在该模型中，此减速被证明取决于两个参数：过载以及过载施加的面积。这些结果为量化局部表面应力如何影响地下侵入体动力学提供了框架，对颗粒介质中的运动、根系生长和地下输运具有启示意义。
英文摘要：
We experimentally investigate the dynamics of a spherical intruder driven horizontally at a constant force in a granular medium subjected to a localized surface overload. While intruder motion beneath a free surface exhibits constant acceleration in the quasistatic regime, the presence of a surface load induces a pronounced transient deceleration when the intruder passes below the loaded region. The magnitude of this deceleration increases with the applied overload and saturates at large overloads, while it decreases with intruder depth. Introducing a characteristic timescale and an overload-based Froude number, we show that the deceleration dynamics collapse onto master curves. We further develop a model incorporating stress transmission from the surface, which partially captures the intruder deceleration. In this approach, this deceleration is shown to depend on two parameters: the overload and the area on which this overload is applied. These results provide a framework to quantify how localized surface stresses influence subsurface intruder dynamics, with implications for locomotion, root growth, and underground transport in granular media.
