发表机构
Indian Institute of Astrophysics; Pondicherry University; Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam; Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute; Rutgers University; S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences; Australian National University; Macquarie University; IIT (BHU)(印度天体物理研究所; 本地治里大学; 波茨坦莱布尼茨天体物理研究所; 平顿研究所计算天体物理学中心; 罗格斯大学; S.N. 玻色基础科学国家中心; 澳大利亚国立大学; 麦考瑞大学; 印度技术学院(贝拿勒斯印度教大学))
机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究利用AstroSat-紫外成像望远镜对8个经典旋涡星系、6个絮状旋涡星系和3个矮不规则星系的约25000个紫外选恒星形成团块进行分析,发现恒星形成层级结构存在最大相关尺度,且具有非通用的星系特有性质。
AI 中文摘要
无标度湍流运动、引力坍缩和星系动力学主导了星系内恒星形成(SF)的星系尺度层级结构。过往研究表明,恒星形成层级结构的特性依赖于宿主星系的属性和星际介质(ISM)条件。为表征恒星形成层级结构,我们对在8个经典旋涡星系、6个絮状旋涡星系和3个矮不规则星系构成的形态多样样本中识别出的约25000个紫外选恒星形成团块(SFCs)进行了两点相关函数分析。我们发现,星系中的恒星形成层级结构存在一个最大空间尺度——相关长度($l_{\rm corr}$),即恒星形成在空间上相关的最大尺度,推测其源于星际介质湍流。$l_{\rm corr}$值范围约为100 pc至3.4 kpc,且与星系的恒星质量、形态及旋臂性质存在强依赖关系。这表明,星系的引力势和旋臂结构对最大的层级结构化恒星形成复合体的大小设置了上限。将$l_{\rm corr}$与湍流注入源关联后发现,矮不规则星系中的恒星反馈,而经典/絮状旋涡星系中的盘不稳定性和旋臂结构,主导了其恒星形成层级结构在$l_{\rm corr}$尺度上的维持。这些层级结构在20-160 Myr的时间尺度($T_{\rm dis}$)上分散为近随机分布。推导得到的$l_{\rm corr}$、投影分形维数($D_2$ ∈ 0.71-1.73)和$T_{\rm dis}$的宽泛范围,表明恒星形成层级结构具有非通用的、星系特有的性质。本研究中,AstroSat-紫外成像望远镜(UVIT)对每个星系恒星形成范围的全覆盖,使我们能够将恒星形成层级结构的全局参数与大尺度星系属性关联起来。
英文摘要
Scale-free turbulent motions, gravitational collapse and galactic dynamics govern galactic-scale, hierarchical organization of star formation (SF) within galaxies. Past studies suggest that properties of SF hierarchies depend upon host galaxy properties and interstellar medium (ISM) conditions. To characterize SF hierarchies, we performed two-point correlation function analysis on ~25000 UV-selected star-forming clumps (SFCs) identified in a morphologically diverse sample of 8 classic spirals, 6 flocculent spirals and 3 dwarf irregulars. We found that SF hierarchies in galaxies exhibit a maximum spatial scale -- the correlation length ($l_{\rm corr}$) -- largest scale up to which SF is spatially correlated, presumably owing to ISM turbulence. The $l_{\rm corr}$ values range from ~100 pc to 3.4 kpc and exhibit strong dependence on the galaxy's stellar mass, morphology and nature of spiral arms. This suggests that a galaxy's gravitational potential and spiral structure place an upper limit on the sizes of the largest, hierarchically structured SF complexes. Connecting $l_{\rm corr}$ with turbulence injection sources suggests that stellar feedback in dwarf irregulars, whereas disk instabilities and spiral structure in classic/flocculent spirals dominate towards sustaining their SF hierarchies up to the $l_{\rm corr}$ scale. These hierarchies disperse to near-random distributions on timescales ($T_{\rm dis}$) ranging from 20-160 Myr. The broad range of derived $l_{\rm corr}$, projected fractal dimension ($D_2$ $\in$ 0.71$-$1.73), and $T_{\rm dis}$ indicates a non-universal, galaxy-specific nature of SF hierarchies. In this work, full coverage of each galaxy's star-forming extent with the AstroSat-UltraViolet Imaging Telescope uniquely enabled us to connect global parameters of SF hierarchies with large-scale galaxy properties.
CommentsSubmitted to the Astrophysical Journal (ApJ). Comments are welcome. 29 pages, 14 figures