NGC 628中的H II区填充因子:光度-大小关系及与多环芳烃发射的关联
H II region filling factors in NGC 628: Luminosity-size relation and connection with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究以NGC 628的622个H II区为样本,分析其填充因子与各参数的关系,发现填充因子与多环芳烃发射的关联,明确体积Hα光度密度可提升跨目录比较的一致性,揭示H II区演化特征。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
理解H II区的内部结构对于约束星系中的恒星形成过程至关重要。我们研究了H II区的填充因子(FF)与光度、大小、电子密度以及Hα等值宽度(EW(Hα))之间的关系,并探讨了其与多环芳烃(PAH)与尘埃发射之比的关联,将其作为演化阶段的可能示踪剂。我们分析了NGC 628中的622个H II区,其中475个来自SIGNALS项目,147个来自PHANGS-MUSE项目。我们推导了这些H II区的光度、发射线流量、半径、电子密度和填充因子(FF),并利用PHANGS-JWST/MIRI成像,从7.7μm、11.3μm和21μm波段量化了PAH与尘埃之比R_PAH。我们发现,在较亮的区域中,FF和EW(Hα)值更高,而更延展、EW(Hα)更低的区域则FF更低。我们表明,H II区的半径定义会显著影响L_Hα-R关系。低光度致密H II区似乎标志着从星团驱动区域向单颗大质量恒星电离的星云的转变,对应log(L_Hα)≈37 erg s⁻¹。PAH与尘埃之比与体积Hα光度密度L_Hα/R³相关,转变点在log(L_Hα/R³)≈32 erg s⁻¹处,对应log(FF)≈-4.4。FF较低的区域具有更高的R_PAH,表明在更疏松的结构中PAH处理效率更低。这些结果与演化场景一致,即随着巨H II区向更暗、更延展的状态演化,FF随星团年龄增长而降低。体积Hα光度密度减少了由区域定义方法引起的L_Hα与R之间的协方差,实现了更一致的跨目录比较。
英文摘要
Understanding the internal structure of H II regions is fundamental for constraining star formation processes in galaxies. We investigated how the filling factor (FF) relates to luminosity, size, electron density, and H$α$ equivalent width (EW(H$α$)) in H II regions, and explored its connection with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-to-dust emission as a possible tracer of evolutionary stages. We analyzed 622 H II regions in NGC~628, combining 475 regions from SIGNALS and 147 from PHANGS-MUSE. We derived their luminosities, emission-line fluxes, radii, electron densities, and FF, and used PHANGS-JWST/MIRI imaging to quantify the PAH-to-dust ratio $R_{\rm PAH}$ from the 7.7, 11.3, and 21~$μ$m bands. Higher FF and EW(H$α$) values are found in luminous regions, whereas more extended regions with lower EW(H$α$) exhibit lower FF. We show that the H II region radius definition significantly affects the $L_{\rm Hα}$--$R$ relation. Low-luminosity compact H II regions appear to mark a transition from cluster-powered regions to nebulae ionized by single massive stars, around $\log(L_{\rm Hα}) \sim 37~{\rm erg \ s^{-1}}$. The PAH-to-dust ratio correlates with the volumetric H$α$ luminosity density, $L_{\rm Hα}/R^3$, with a transition around $\log(L_{\rm Hα}/R^3) \sim 32~{\rm erg \ s^{-1}}$, corresponding to $\log({\rm FF}) \approx -4.4$. Regions with lower FF exhibit higher $R_{\rm PAH}$, suggesting less efficient PAH processing in more porous structures. These results are consistent with an evolutionary scenario in which FF decreases with stellar cluster age as giant H II regions evolve toward fainter and more extended states. The volumetric H$α$ luminosity density reduces covariance between $L_{\rm Hα}$ and $R$ induced by region-definition methods, enabling more consistent cross-catalog comparisons.
发表机构
- Universidad de Granada(格拉纳达大学)
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA-CSIC)(安达卢西亚天体物理研究所)
- Instituto Universitario Carlos I de Física Teórica y Computacional, Universidad de Granada(格拉纳达大学卡洛斯一世理论与计算物理研究所)
- David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto(多伦多大学戴维·A·邓普天文学与天体物理学系)
- Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics(邓普普天文学与天体物理研究所)
- Département de Physique, de Génie Physique et d’Optique, Université Laval(拉瓦尔大学物理、物理工程与光学系)
- Centre de Recherche en Astrophysique du Québec (CRAQ)(魁北克天体物理研究中心)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii at Hilo(夏威夷大学希洛分校物理与天文学系)
- Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille, CNRS, CNES, Aix Marseille University(马赛天体物理实验室)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University(德克萨斯农工大学物理与天文学系)
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