大型强子对撞机（LHC）与高亮度大型强子对撞机（HL-LHC）中的中微子实验
Neutrino Experiments at the LHC and the HL-LHC
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究介绍了LHC及HL-LHC的前向中微子实验，提及FASER和SND@LHC已在LHC第3运行期首次观测到对撞机中微子相互作用，还探讨了实验计划的延伸前景。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
高能中微子会在位于瑞士日内瓦附近欧洲核子中心（CERN）的大型强子对撞机（LHC）的质子-质子碰撞中大量产生，尤其在远前向方向预计会有大量中微子通量。该通量集中在束流轴附近，能量可达TeV量级，对于电子中微子和τ中微子，最高能量段的通量可能由重味衰变主导。这些特性为利用专用前向探测器研究中微子相互作用开辟了新的实验窗口，其能量范围超出了传统加速器中微子实验的覆盖范围。新的FASER和SND@LHC实验利用2022年启动的第3运行期首批数据，首次直接观测到强子对撞机中的中微子相互作用。此后，该实验计划已推进至首批测量，包括带电流中微子-核子截面及不同中微子味的探测。本文阐述了LHC处的前向中微子通量、第3运行期实验的接收度与探测器概念，并总结了对撞机中微子测量的当前状态，还探讨了将该中微子实验计划延伸至HL-LHC时代的前景。收集的数据还将对极前向强子产生提供约束，并支持寻找弱相互作用粒子。
英文摘要
High energy neutrinos are copiously produced in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), located at CERN, near Geneva, Switzerland. In particular, a large neutrino flux is expected in the far-forward direction. This flux is concentrated near the beam axis, reaches energies up to the TeV scale, and for electron and tau neutrinos can be dominated by heavy flavour decays at the highest energies. These features open a new experimental window for studying neutrino interactions with dedicated forward detectors, in an energy range beyond the reach of traditional accelerator-based neutrino experiments. The new FASER and SND@LHC experiments reported the first direct observations of neutrino interactions at a hadron collider using the first data from Run 3, which started in 2022. Since then, the programme has advanced to the first measurements, including charged-current neutrino-nucleon cross sections and the detection of different neutrino flavours. This article describes the forward neutrino flux at the LHC, the acceptance and detector concepts of the Run 3 experiments, and summarises the current status of collider neutrino measurements. It also discusses prospects for extending this neutrino programme towards the HL-LHC era. The collected data will also provide constraints on very forward hadron production, and enable searches for feebly interacting particles.
发表机构
- Chulalongkorn University（朱拉隆功大学）
- Imperial College（帝国理工学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
