发表机构
Dipartimento di Fisica, Univ. La Sapienza; INFN Sezione di Roma; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LPSC-IN2P3; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo; International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA); INFN Sezione di Trieste; Dipartimento di Fisica, Univ. of Milano-Bicocca（罗马大学物理系; 罗马国家核物理研究所; 格勒诺布尔阿尔卑斯大学; 高能加速器研究机构; 东京大学宇宙物质前沿研究中心; 国际高等研究院; 的里雅斯特国家核物理研究所; 米兰比可卡大学物理系）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
该研究针对LiteBIRD卫星任务，开发基于图的形式体系分析探测器非线性与HWP非理想性耦合效应，得出相关联合要求以支撑CMB偏振实验的仪器设计与校准。
AI 中文摘要
我们量化了耦合仪器系统效应对下一代旨在探测原初B模式偏振的CMB偏振实验的影响，重点关注即将到来的LiteBIRD卫星任务。我们研究了过渡边缘传感器（TES）测辐射热计的非线性响应与半波片（HWP）非理想性之间的相互作用，特别是由差分发射率产生的同步信号。我们开发了一种基于图的形式体系，通过显式求解分箱图制作方程来捕捉由此产生的强度到偏振的泄漏，避免了计算成本高昂的时间 ordered 数据模拟。我们将该框架应用于LiteBIRD，采用其基线扫描策略和频率配置，并在单频和多频水平上进行分析，包括银河前景和盲分量分离。我们发现，虽然探测器非线性和HWP非理想性单独对张量与标量之比r的偏差可忽略不计，但它们的耦合会产生显著的污染，这种污染由太阳偶极等大信号驱动，并在高频通道中因前景泄漏而放大。基于这些结果，我们得出了对探测器非线性和HWP差分发射的联合要求，并讨论了它们对LiteBIRD以及未来旨在探测r≲10⁻³的CMB偏振任务的仪器设计和校准策略的影响。
英文摘要
We quantify the impact of coupled instrumental systematics on next-generation CMB polarization experiments targeting primordial $B$-mode polarization, with a focus on the forthcoming \textit{LiteBIRD} satellite mission. We study the interplay between the non-linear response of Transition-Edge Sensor (TES) bolometers and Half-Wave Plate (HWP) non-idealities, in particular synchronous signals arising from differential emissivity. We develop a map-based formalism that captures the resulting intensity-to-polarization leakage by explicitly solving the binning map-making equations, avoiding the need for computationally expensive time-ordered data simulations. We apply this framework to \textit{LiteBIRD}, adopting its baseline scanning strategy and frequency configuration, and perform analyses at both single- and multi-frequency levels, including Galactic foregrounds and blind component separation. We find that while detector non-linearity and HWP non-idealities individually induce negligible bias on the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$, their coupling can generate non-trivial contamination, driven by large signals such as the solar dipole and amplified in high-frequency channels by foreground leakage. From these results, we derive joint requirements on detector non-linearity and HWP differential emission, and discuss their implications for the instrument design and calibration strategy of \textit{LiteBIRD} and future CMB polarization missions targeting $r \lesssim 10^{-3}$.
Comments27 pages, 12 figures
