发表机构
University of Vienna; Department of Meteorology, University of Bonn（维也纳大学; 波恩大学气象系）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
该研究通过分析和RCEMIP模拟集合，揭示暖化下砧云量无稳健响应，其原因是稳定度增加源于空气密度降低而非动态约束，打破了暖化导致砧云量系统性减少的预期。
AI 中文摘要
稳定-冰盖假说提出，热带砧云量随暖化减少，因为砧云会上升至静力稳定度更高的环境中。本文表明，增加的静力稳定度与砧云量之间不存在明确的理论或模拟关联。我们通过分析证明，地表暖化导致的静力稳定度和垂直速度的可识别敏感性源于高空空气密度的降低，该因素虽进入气压坐标公式，但并不代表动态约束砧云形成的过程。RCEMIP模拟集合验证了稳定度增加是稳健的，但其源于空气密度降低，因此不会伴随砧云量、对流驱动的向砧云层水汽辐合或该辐合产生云量的效率出现稳健响应。总体而言，这些发现消除了基于基础物理论证得出的暖化会导致砧云量系统性减少的预期。
英文摘要
The stability-iris hypothesis proposes that tropical anvil cloud amount decreases with warming as anvils rise into environments of greater static stability. Here we show that there is no clear theoretical or simulated link between increasing static stability and anvil amount. We demonstrate analytically that identified sensitivities of static stability and pressure velocity to surface warming arise from decreasing air density aloft, which enters pressure-coordinate formulations but does not represent a process that dynamically constrains anvil formation. An ensemble of RCEMIP simulations verifies that the stability increase is robust yet arises from the air density reduction, and hence is not accompanied by a robust response in anvil amount, convectively driven water convergence into anvil levels, or the efficiency with which this convergence produces cloudiness. Overall, these findings dispel the expectation of a systematic reduction in anvil amount with warming arising from basic physical arguments.
