AI 中文总结
OreProof是一款针对黄金的原型溯源平台，结合零知识证明等技术解决关键矿产供应链的可验证性与披露权衡问题，降低了机密属性可推断性并提升吞吐量，贡献了原型及四条设计原则。
AI 中文摘要
关键矿产供应链面临结构性矛盾：监管机构和买家要求可验证的溯源信息，但上游参与者不愿披露验证似乎所需的供应商身份、化验品位/产量及价格。本文报告了设计科学视角下的OreProof，这是一款解决可验证性-披露权衡的原型溯源平台。针对黄金实例化的OreProof结合了混合链上/链下数据模型、用于选择性披露的Groth16零知识证明、默克尔批量锚定管道以及与UNTP一致的可验证凭证，部署在公共zkEVM测试网上。在透明基线对比下，给定攻击者模型下，可直接推断的机密属性从四类中的三类降至无，同时批量锚定显著提升了吞吐量。本文的贡献包括该原型制品以及四条初步设计原则：对承诺数据进行证明而非暴露数据；仅对可验证来源发放凭证，对混合商品标记未知输入；从一开始就发放符合标准的凭证；按供应链角色划分披露范围。
英文摘要
Critical-minerals supply chains face a structural tension: regulators and buyers demand verifiable provenance, yet upstream actors are hesitant to disclose supplier identities, assay grades/yields, and prices that verification appears to require. We report a design science account of OreProof, a prototypical traceability platform addressing this verifiability-disclosure trade-off. Instantiated for gold, OreProof combines a hybrid on-chain/off-chain data model, Groth16 zero-knowledge proofs for selective disclosure, a Merkle-batched anchoring pipeline, and UNTP-aligned verifiable credentials on a public zkEVM testnet. Against a transparent baseline, directly inferable confidential attributes fell from three of four categories to none under a defined attacker model, while batched anchoring substantially improved throughput. Our contributions are the artifact prototype as well as four nascent design principles: prove over committed data rather than exposing it; credential only verifiable origin and flag unknown inputs for blended commodities; emit standards-aligned credentials from the outset; and partition disclosure by supply-chain role.
Comments9 pages. An updated version appears in the Proceedings of the 60th Hawaii International Conference on Systems Science (HICSS-60), Honolulu, HI, January 5-8, 2027
