红移z=2.3和z=4.0的两个具有干涉分辨宽线区的类星体中的吸积盘尺寸
Accretion-disk sizes in two quasars with interferometrically resolved broad-line regions at $z=2.3$ and $z=4.0$
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究结合GRAVITY、GRAVITY+干涉测量与连续谱反响映射，测量了两个z>2亮类星体的吸积盘与宽线区尺寸，为约束黑洞质量和吸积模型提供了独立尺度，证明了连续谱反响映射对亮类星体的可行性。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们结合连续谱反响映射与来自GRAVITY和GRAVITY+的干涉测量宽线区（BLR）约束，首次对红移z>2的类星体中的吸积盘（AD）尺寸与宽线区尺寸进行直接比较。利用MPG/ESO 2.2米望远镜的中波段测光监测，我们测量了红移z=2.33的SDSS J092034.17+065718.0（J0920）和红移z=3.96的SMSS J052915.80-435152.0（J0529）的波段间连续谱滞后，这两个类星体是已知最亮的类星体之一（总光度Lbol约为10^48 erg s^-1）。它们是目前仅有的两个红移z>2、具有空间分辨宽线区且通过干涉测量获得动力学黑洞质量的类星体。我们在两个类星体中都探测到显著的连续谱滞后，且滞后量随波长单调增加。推导得到的紫外盘尺寸为：J0529的RAD为4.35（+0.78/-0.91）光天，J0920的RAD为3.15（+0.50/-0.48）光天。对于以爱丁顿比λ_Edd约7-20吸积的J0920，尽管处于超爱丁顿吸积 regime，其盘尺寸与标准薄盘预期一致；对于J0529，其盘尺寸与用单epoch黑洞质量计算的薄盘预测相符，但如果采用GRAVITY+动力学质量（低一个数量级），则意味着盘膨胀了数倍。因此，紫外连续谱盘尺寸提供了一个独立的物理尺度，可用于约束黑洞质量和吸积率模型，尤其适用于宽线区运动学由外流主导的情况。干涉测量得到的宽线区尺寸显示出明显的径向层级，J0529的RBLR/RAD约为270（对应Hβ线），J0920的RBLR/RAD约为115（对应Hα线）。在总光度Lbol约为10^48 erg s^-1的情况下成功探测到滞后，表明连续谱反响映射对于最亮的系统仍然可行，为通过Vera C. Rubin天文台的LSST等巡天获取更大样本开辟了道路。
英文摘要
We present the first direct comparison between accretion-disk (AD) and broad-line region (BLR) sizes in quasars at z > 2, combining continuum reverberation mapping with interferometric BLR constraints from GRAVITY and GRAVITY+. Using medium-band photometric monitoring with the MPG/ESO 2.2 m telescope, we measure inter-band continuum lags in SDSS J092034.17+065718.0 at z = 2.33 (J0920) and SMSS J052915.80-435152.0 at z = 3.96 (J0529), among the most luminous quasars known (Lbol ~ 10^48 erg s^-1). These are currently the only two quasars at z > 2 with spatially resolved BLRs and dynamical black-hole masses from interferometry. We detect significant continuum lags in both quasars, increasing monotonically with wavelength. The inferred UV disk sizes are RAD = 4.35 +0.78/-0.91 light-days for J0529 and RAD = 3.15 +0.50/-0.48 light-days for J0920. For J0920, accreting at lambda_Edd ~ 7-20, the disk size is consistent with standard thin-disk expectations despite its super-Eddington regime. For J0529, the disk size agrees with thin-disk predictions using the single-epoch black-hole mass, but implies disk inflation by a factor of a few if the GRAVITY+ dynamical mass, an order of magnitude lower, is adopted. UV continuum disk sizes therefore provide an independent physical scale constraining black-hole mass and accretion-rate models, particularly where BLR kinematics are dominated by outflows. The interferometric BLR sizes reveal pronounced radial hierarchies, with RBLR/RAD ~ 270 for J0529 (Hbeta) and ~115 for J0920 (Halpha). The successful lag detections at Lbol ~ 10^48 erg s^-1 show that continuum reverberation mapping remains feasible for the most luminous systems, opening a path to larger samples with surveys such as the Vera C. Rubin Observatory's LSST.
发表机构
- Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies（海德堡理论研究所）
- Max-Planck Institut für Astronomie（马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所）
- International Gemini Observatory/NSF NOIRLab（国际双子座天文台/美国国家光学红外天文实验室）
- Center for Theoretical Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences（波兰科学院理论物理中心）
- Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg（黑森州立天文台，海德堡大学天文学中心）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
