发表机构
University of California, Santa Barbara; University of Southern California; California Institute of Technology（加州大学圣塔芭芭拉分校; 南加州大学; 加州理工学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究结合实验与数值模拟，探究受限圆柱阵列的蠕动流，揭示受限条件可聚焦流动并改变流态范围，提出的解析模型能定量预测相对流量，为覆毛表面研究及仿生器件设计提供支撑。
AI 中文摘要
自然界中，覆毛附肢具有多种功能，从甲壳类动物触角上的化学感知和颗粒捕获，到刚毛翅膀上的阻力产生。在低到中等雷诺数下，这些有限多孔介质会经历三种流态：低雷诺数时，流体绕多孔结构流动，此为桨状或耙状流态；随着雷诺数升高，通过阵列的相对流量也会增加，若流体主要从结构侧向流出，则为偏转流态，若流体从下游流出，则为筛状流态。已有假说认为，动物身体或较大毛发等受限结构会将流体聚焦到覆毛区域。本研究结合实验与数值模拟，探究受限条件对圆柱阵列内部及周围流动的影响。实验中，我们改变圆柱间距、通道尺寸和流量，采用粒子图像测速技术测量速度场；在将有限元分析结果与实验数据对比后，我们对更广泛的系统几何参数和流动参数开展数值研究。结果表明，受限条件会将流动聚焦到阵列内部，并改变三种流态的存在范围。我们提出一种基于矩形狭缝渗透率的解析模型，用于预测通过阵列内部及周围的相对流量，该模型与数值结果定量吻合，证明通过阵列的流量随受限程度增加而增大，而流动角度则随之减小。这些结果应能为覆毛表面的形态研究提供参考，并对仿生流动传感器和过滤器的设计具有指导意义。
英文摘要
Hair-covered appendages serve a variety of purposes in Nature, from chemical sensing and particle capture on the antennae of a crustacean to drag generation on bristled wings. At low to intermediate Reynolds numbers, these finite porous media experience three flow regimes. At low Reynolds numbers, the flow goes around the porous structure; this is the paddle or rake regime. As the Reynolds number increases, so does the relative flow rate through the array. If the fluid exits the structure mostly laterally, the flow is in the deflection regime. If the fluid exits downstream, the flow is in the sieve regime. Confining structures, such as the animal body or larger hairs, have been hypothesized to focus the flow on the hair-covered region. We investigate the influence of confinement on the flow through and around an array of cylinders, using a combination of experiments and numerical simulations. Experimentally, we vary the cylinder spacing, channel dimension, and flow rate and measure the velocity field using Particle Image Velocimetry. After comparing the results of finite element analysis with the experimental data, we numerically investigate a broader range of system geometries and flow parameters. Our results show that the confinement focuses the flow in the array and shifts the domains of existence of the three regimes. We present an analytical model that relies on the permeability of rectangular slits to predict the relative flow rate through and around the array. The model is in quantitative agreement with the numerical results, demonstrating that the flow through the array increases with increasing confinement, while the flow angle decreases. These results should provide insight into the morphology of hairy surfaces and have implications in the design of bio-inspired flow sensors and filters.
Journal refBohling, S. K., Tanikella, S. S., Raimondi, J. P., Jones, N. D. & Dressaire, E. Creeping flows through confined arrays of cylinders. Phys. Rev. Fluids 11, 064104 (2026)
