AI 中文总结
本研究证实了相关图论猜想,通过新的Motzkin–Straus型不等式局部化Caro-Wei界,推广了谱二部性定理并改进特征值界,还否定了一个图论猜想。
AI 中文摘要
我们通过证明图的独立数的一个局部化下界,证实了Brause、Randerath、Rautenbach和Schiermeyer(2016)的猜想;该下界强化了Fajtlowicz(1978)以及Caro(1979)和Wei(1981)的经典界,进而解决了Bertram和Horák(1996)的猜想。我们的证明基于一个新的Motzkin–Straus型不等式,该不等式涉及局部团数和独立数。随后,我们将所开发的方法应用于研究图二部性的谱度量与代数度量;具体而言,我们将Brandt(1998)关于正则无K_{r+1}图的谱二部性的定理推广到所有无K_{r+1}图,改进了无K_{r+1}图的最小无符号拉普拉斯特征值的一般上界,并在无K_4图的情形下否定了de Lima、Nikiforov和Oliveira(2016)的一个猜想。
英文摘要
We confirm a conjecture of Brause, Randerath, Rautenbach and Schiermeyer (2016) by proving a localized lower bound on the independence number of a graph that strengthens the classical bounds of Fajtlowicz (1978) and of Caro (1979) and Wei (1981), which in turn settles a conjecture by Bertram and Horák (1996). Our proof is based on a new Motzkin--Straus-type inequality involving local clique numbers and the independence number. We then apply the developed methods to study spectral and algebraic measures of graph bipartiteness. In particular, we extend a theorem of Brandt (1998) on spectral bipartiteness from regular $K_{r+1}$-free graphs to all $K_{r+1}$-free graphs, we improve a general upper bound for the least signless Laplacian eigenvalue of $K_{r+1}$-free graphs, and we disprove a conjecture of de Lima, Nikiforov and Oliveira (2016) in the case of $K_4$-free graphs.
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