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NICER对PSR J1614−2230的观测:一颗大质量且致密的毫秒脉冲星

A NICER view of PSR J1614$-$2230: a massive and compact millisecond pulsar

Lucien Mauviard, Sebastien Guillot, Lami Suleiman, Yves Kini, Denis González-Caniulef, Christine Kazantsev, Pierre Stammler, Devarshi Choudhury, Bas Dorsman, Mariska Hoogkamer, Daniela Huppenkothen, Tuomo Salmi, Anna L. Watts, Jérôme Novak, Natalie A. Webb, Jean-Francois Olive, Matthew Kerr, Lucas Guillemot, Ismaël Cognard, Gilles Theureau

arXiv 2609.00172首次发表:更新:

发表机构

Université de Toulouse; CNES; CNRS; IRAP; Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY; Deutsches Zentrum für Astrophysik (DZA); Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam (GRAPPA), University of Amsterdam; Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam(图卢兹大学; 法国国家空间研究中心; 法国国家科学研究中心; 天体物理学研究所; 德国电子同步加速器; 德国天体物理中心; 阿姆斯特丹大学引力与高能天体物理研究所; 阿姆斯特丹大学安东·潘内库克天文研究所)

机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。

AI 中文总结

本研究结合NICER、XMM-牛顿和钱德拉数据,通过脉冲轮廓建模测得大质量毫秒脉冲星PSR J1614−2230的质量与半径,发现无高能非热成分,推断其热点分布并得到半径约束。

AI 中文摘要

利用脉冲轮廓建模,我们结合中子星内部构成探测器(Neutron Star Interior Composition ExploreR,NICER)、XMM-牛顿卫星(XMM-Newton)和钱德拉X射线天文台(Chandra X-ray Observatory)的数据,获得了一颗毫秒脉冲星(MSP)的质量-半径测量结果。我们在此报告PSR J1614−2230的半径,它是经射电计时确认的第二大质量毫秒脉冲星。所有数据集都能由一个包含两个圆形热点的简单模型很好地拟合。最终结果给出赤道半径$R_{\rm eq}=10.06^{+1.25}_{-0.87}$千米,引力质量$M=1.937^{+0.012}_{-0.013}\\,M_{\odot}$(均为等尾68%可信区间)。尽管此前曾在更高能段报道过非热成分,但我们在相位平均和相位分辨光谱分析中均未发现其迹象。利用结合致密性与扁率或表面重力的新关系,并针对PSR J1614−2230的自转频率进行调整,我们推断其结构为一个热点靠近极点,另一个靠近赤道。精确的质量后验分布主要由射电计时提供,而半径约束因源的X射线脉冲显著性较低(8.5σ)而不够严格。不过,在所测试的所有几何结构和大气模型中,半径后验分布均倾向于低值(所有情况下的90百分位数均≤12.08千米)。

英文摘要

Using pulse profile modeling, we obtain the mass-radius measurement of a millisecond pulsar (MSP) with data from the Neutron Star Interior Composition ExploreR, XMM-Newton and the Chandra X-ray Observatory. We report here the radius of PSR J1614$-$2230, the second most massive MSP confirmed by radio timing. All of the data sets are well described by a simple model composed of two circular hot spots. The final result yields an equatorial radius of $R_{\rm eq}=10.06 ^{+1.25}_{-0.87}\,$km, and a gravitational mass of $M=1.937^{+0.012}_{-0.013}\,M_{\odot}$ (equally tailed 68% credible intervals). Although a non-thermal component was previously reported at higher energies, we find no sign of it in either our phase-averaged or phase-resolved spectral analyses. Using new relations linking the compactness to oblateness or surface gravity, and tailored to the spin frequency of PSR J1614$-$2230, we infer a configuration with one hot spot near the pole, and another near the equator. The tight mass posterior is essentially informed by radio timing, while the radius constraint is not as tight due to the low source signal (8.5$σ$ X-ray pulse significance). However, over all geometries and atmosphere models tested, the radius posterior tends toward low values ($\lesssim12.08\,$km, 90th percentile in all cases).

Comments27 pages, 11 figures and 5 tables. Submitted to ApJ. Data files available in Zenodo

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