发表机构
Azrieli College of Engineering（阿茨里工程学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文结合现代物理学的因果序与物理决定论，通过类空分离的纠缠粒子测量案例，证明存在参考系中观察者可预知自由测量结果，且该认知无需以决定未来事件的物理条件为基础。
AI 中文摘要
预知与自由意志之间的明显不相容性，传统上是通过未来事件的知识对该事件自由性的影响来表述的。本文利用现代物理学提供的因果序和物理决定论概念重新审视该问题。我考虑在类空分离事件处对两个纠缠粒子进行测量，若某个测量结果不由其可及宇宙部分的先前历史决定，则该结果被视为自由的。相对论允许在参考系之间反转两次测量的时间顺序，同时保持它们的因果独立性。然而量子关联允许一个测量事件处的观察者获知另一测量事件的结果。我因此表明，存在一个参考系，其中观察者拥有对某一测量结果的预知，而该结果在此意义上仍是自由的。该论证表明，对未来事件的认知获取不必以决定该事件的物理条件为基础。
英文摘要
The apparent incompatibility between foreknowledge and free will is traditionally formulated in terms of the implication of knowledge of a future event for the freedom of that event. This paper reexamines the problem using the notions of causal order and physical determination provided by modern physics. I consider measurements of two entangled particles at spacelike-separated events, where a measurement outcome is taken to be free if it is not determined by the previous history of the part of the universe accessible to it. Relativity allows the temporal order of the two measurements to be reversed between reference frames while preserving their causal independence. Quantum correlations nevertheless allow an observer at one measurement event to know the outcome at the other. I show that there is, therefore, a frame in which an observer possesses foreknowledge of a measurement outcome that remains free in this sense. The argument demonstrates that epistemic access to a future event need not be grounded in physical conditions that determine it.
