发表机构
Biomatter Lab; Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo; School of Science and Technology, Meiji University; Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Institute of Science Tokyo（生物物质实验室; 东京大学大学院人文社会系研究科; 明治大学理工学部; 东京科学大学材料化学技术学部化学科学与工程系）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究提出聚合物膜张拉整体结构（PMT）框架，通过单侧数字光图案化制造可收缩变形的聚合物膜，结合折纸逆设计算法实现薄膜向指定三维表面的变形，精度达1.0-2.1%，且无需双层方法的前后对齐，具备可扩展性。
AI 中文摘要
1790年，歌德在《植物变形记》中提出，植物的各种器官都源自共同叶状结构的变形，现代力学将该原理归因于两种材料要素：由差异化生长或收缩产生的非均匀面内应变，以及空间图案化的刚度。本研究将该原理转化为名为聚合物膜张拉整体结构（Polymer Membrane Tensegrity, PMT）的合成制造框架：将溶胀了第二种单体的扁平弹性膜，通过液晶显示器（LCD）光掩模进行单侧数字光图案化步骤的选择性紫外固化，在柔软可收缩的膜中嵌入刚性杆；用溶剂萃取未反应单体并干燥薄膜后，膜的收缩程度远大于杆，产生约50%的面内应变差和约2000倍的模量对比度——在此条件下，收缩的膜被相互不连接的杆以张力固定，形成了单膜内受张拉整体结构启发的排列。基于折纸的逆设计算法可计算出能使薄膜变形为指定三维表面的杆布局；研究在穹顶、双曲表面和螺旋单元（正、负曲率目标）上验证了PMT，三者的平均偏差为目标尺寸的1.0-2.1%，而周长曲线优化将螺旋的平均偏差减半。由于图案化仅发生在单侧，PMT消除了双层方法所需的前后对齐要求，为从扁平聚合物薄膜到自由形式三维表面提供了可扩展的途径。
英文摘要
In Metamorphosis of Plants (1790), Goethe traced diverse plant organs to transformations of a common leaf-like structure -- a principle modern mechanics attributes to two material ingredients: non-uniform in-plane strain from differential growth or shrinkage, and spatially patterned stiffness. Here we translate this principle into a synthetic fabrication framework called Polymer Membrane Tensegrity (PMT). A flat elastomeric film swollen with a second monomer is selectively UV-cured through a liquid-crystal display (LCD) photomask in a single-side digital photopatterning step, producing rigid rods embedded in a soft, shrinkable membrane. After the unreacted monomer is extracted with a solvent and the film is dried, the membrane shrinks far more than the rods, generating a ~50% in-plane strain differential and a ~2,000-fold modulus contrast -- conditions under which the contracting membrane is held in tension by mutually unconnected rods, a tensegrity-inspired arrangement within a single film. An origami-based inverse design algorithm computes the rod layout that morphs the film into a prescribed 3D surface. We demonstrate PMT on a dome, a hyperbolic surface, and a gyroid unit cell -- positively and negatively curved targets -- reproducing all three with mean deviations of 1.0-2.1% of the target size; perimeter curve optimization halves the mean deviation of the gyroid. Because patterning occurs on one side only, PMT eliminates the front-to-back alignment demanded by bilayer methods, offering a scalable route from flat polymer films to freeform 3D surfaces.
Comments10 pages, 4 figures. Supplementary Information included as ancillary file
