牛顿引力曲率诱导的纠缠产生

中文摘要 AI 辅助

我们表明，引力曲率可在混合量子比特-机械装置中控制非局域量子关联的产生。附近源质量的潮汐场会修改共享机械振子的 susceptibility（ susceptibility 可译为 susceptibility，此处保留原词），从而调节由振子介导的量子比特-量子比特相互作用及产生的纠缠相位。对动力学的精确处理揭示了频闪几何门，其积累的相位直接对引力曲率敏感。将曲率视为未知参数，我们推导了其估计的终极量子极限，并确定了一种基于奇偶性的测量方案，该方案可达到此极限。通过保留机械模式的显式求解完整主方程，我们发现，在闭合时间之间，中介体的热占据会抑制纠缠，但在每个闭合时刻，这种抑制会被消除，对于任意初始机械温度，在幺正极限下均成立，因此该协议无需对振子进行基态冷却。机械阻尼和量子比特退相的表现不同：它们会不可逆地将分支信息泄露到环境中，限制纠缠可见度和可用询问环路数目的是加热率和退相率，而非仅浴场占据。与引力介导的纠缠方案不同，此处纠缠由机械振子产生，而引力仅作为经典控制场。我们量化了可实现的曲率参数；所有曲率依赖关系均为解析形式，允许对结果进行精确缩放。因此，该方案展示了引力对量子相互作用的控制，并提供了基于非局域两量子比特相位而非局域相位测量的曲率传感途径。

英文摘要

We show that gravitational curvature can control the generation of nonlocal quantum correlations in a hybrid qubit-mechanical device. The tidal field of a nearby source mass modifies the susceptibility of a shared mechanical oscillator, thereby tuning an oscillator-mediated qubit-qubit interaction and the resulting entangling phase. An exact treatment of the dynamics reveals stroboscopic geometric gates whose accumulated phase is directly sensitive to gravitational curvature. Treating the curvature as an unknown parameter, we derive the ultimate quantum limit for its estimation and identify a parity-based measurement that saturates this bound. Solving the full master equation with the mechanical mode retained explicitly, we find that thermal occupation of the mediator suppresses entanglement between the closure times but is undone at each closure, exactly in the unitary limit for any initial mechanical temperature, so that ground-state cooling of the oscillator is not a prerequisite for the protocol. Mechanical damping and qubit dephasing behave differently: they leak branch information irreversibly to the environment, and it is the heating and dephasing rates, rather than the bath occupation alone, that limit the entanglement visibility and the number of usable interrogation loops. In contrast to gravity-mediated entanglement proposals, entanglement is generated by the mechanical oscillator while gravity acts solely as a classical control field. We quantify the achievable curvature parameters; all curvature dependencies are analytic, allowing for exact rescaling of the results. The scheme therefore demonstrates gravitational control of a quantum interaction and provides a route to curvature sensing based on a nonlocal two-qubit phase rather than on local phase measurements.

发表机构

• Qatar Center for Quantum Computing, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University（卡塔尔量子计算中心，科学与工程学院，哈马德·本·哈利法大学）

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