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arXiv 2608.30030astro-ph.EP

仙王座γ系统:更新轨道、动力学结构及额外伴星的限制

The $γ$ Cephei System: Updated Orbits, Dynamical Architecture, and Limits on Additional Companions

  • University of California, Santa Barbara(加州大学圣塔芭芭拉分校)
  • The University of Texas at Austin(德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校)
  • McDonald Observatory(麦克唐纳天文台)
  • Center for Planetary Systems Habitability(行星系统宜居性中心)
  • Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg(图林根州立陶滕堡天文台)
  • California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院)

机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。

Judah Van Zandt, Brendan P. Bowler, Michael Endl, William D. Cochran, Phillip MacQueen, Artie Hatzes, Guillermo Torres, David W. Latham, Andrew W. Howard, Benja… 展开作者

Judah Van Zandt, Brendan P. Bowler, Michael Endl, William D. Cochran, Phillip MacQueen, Artie Hatzes, Guillermo Torres, David W. Latham, Andrew W. Howard, Benjamin Fulton, Howard Isaacson, Michael C. Liu, Samuel A. U. Walker, Jerry W. Xuan, Jingwen Zhang, Rebeca E. Soto Armendariz, Lauren I. Biddle, Kyle Franson, Lillian Jiang, Marvin Morgan, Quang H. Tran

AI总结:

本文更新了仙王座γ系统双星及行星的轨道参数,排除了特定范围额外伴星的存在,发现近距离恒星伴星可能限制了其他遥远伴星的形成或长期存在。

AI中文摘要:

仙王座γ系统拥有最早发现的系外行星之一,且其周围存在着已知的距离行星宿主恒星最近的恒星伴星之一。本文通过结合文献数据与Hipparcos-Gaia天体测量数据、新的视向速度(RV)数据以及自适应光学成像数据,推导了恒星双星仙王座γ AB和行星Ab的更新轨道拟合结果。我们利用Keck/HIRES、AFP/Levy、McDonald/Tull和Whipple/TRES获取了仙王座γ A的328次视向速度测量值,利用Keck/NIRC2获取了8个自适应光学成像历元,其中包括2003年对仙王座γ B的最早空间分辨图像。这些观测将仙王座γ的高精度视向速度基线延长至45年,直接成像基线延长至23年,与之前的研究相比,将推断的轨道参数精度提高了2至10倍。对于仙王座γ B,我们得出其半长轴a_B=20.07±0.06天文单位,质量M_B=415±2木星质量(0.396±0.002太阳质量),偏心率e_B=0.422±0.002,倾角i_B=119.8°±0.1°。对于仙王座γ Ab,我们得出其间距a_Ab=1.978±0.007天文单位,最小质量M_Ab sini=1.62±0.04木星质量,偏心率e_Ab=0.07±0.03。利用视向速度残差和动力学约束,我们在90%以上的置信度下排除了2.5至20天文单位之间存在额外木星质量天体,以及a<1天文单位时质量超过海王星的伴星。在广泛轨道间距范围内不存在额外巨行星,这与一个受动力学塑造的系统一致,其中近距离恒星伴星限制了其他遥远伴星的形成或长期存在。

英文摘要:

The $γ$ Cephei system hosts one of the first exoplanets discovered and is orbited by one of the closest known stellar companions to a planet-hosting star. Here, we derive updated orbital fits for $γ$ Cep AB, the stellar binary, and Ab, the planet, by combining literature data with \textit{Hipparcos-Gaia} astrometry, new radial velocities (RVs), and adaptive optics imaging. We acquired 328 RVs of $γ$ Cep A with Keck/HIRES, AFP/Levy, McDonald/Tull, and Whipple/TRES, and eight adaptive optics imaging epochs with Keck/NIRC2, including the earliest spatially resolved image of $γ$ Cep B in 2003. These observations extend the precision RV baseline of $γ$ Cep to 45 years and the direct imaging baseline to 23 years, improving inferred orbital parameter precisions by a factor of 2--10 compared to previous work. For $γ$ Cep B, we derive a semi-major axis of $a_B=20.07 \pm 0.06$ AU, a mass of $M_B=415 \pm 2$ $M_{Jup}$ ($0.396 \pm 0.002$ $M_{\odot}$), an eccentricity of $e_B=0.422 \pm 0.002$, and an inclination of $i_B=119.8^{\circ}\pm0.1^{\circ}$. For $γ$ Cep Ab, we find a separation of $a_{Ab}=1.978 \pm 0.007$ AU, a minimum mass of $M_{Ab} \sin i = 1.62 \pm 0.04$ $M_{Jup}$, and an eccentricity of $e_{Ab}=0.07 \pm0.03$. Using the RV residuals and dynamical constraints, we rule out additional Jovians between 2.5--20 AU, and companions more massive than Neptune for $a<1$ AU, both at $>90\%$ confidence. The absence of additional giant planets over a broad range of orbital separations is consistent with a dynamically sculpted system in which the close stellar companion limited the formation or long-term survival of other distant companions.

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