发表机构
Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Milano-Bicocca（米兰比可卡大学; 意大利国家核物理研究所（INFN）米兰比可卡分部）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究基于GWTC-5.0数据，通过贝叶斯分析发现了星团气体诞生阶段吸积生长的黑洞亚群证据，确定了其特征质量尺度及对应的贝叶斯因子，验证了吸积通道预测的自旋-质量关系。
AI 中文摘要
我们报告了LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA（LVK）合作组发布的累积GWTC-5.0中，关于黑洞亚群的贝叶斯证据，该亚群是在星团的气体诞生阶段通过吸积生长形成的。这种吸积通道预测了一种饱和的自旋-质量关系：低质量时自旋低，随质量连续上升，经过所有中间自旋值，到高质量时达到高自旋。我们直接将这一预测与该星表的组件自旋进行检验，在星表的整个组件质量范围内，筛选出10个具有正支持的事件，以及许多支持较弱的事件。我们确定了一个 preferred 质量尺度$m^t=20.7^{+11.6}_{-1.2}\\,M_\odot$（90%可信度），用于分离不同吸积混合分数的区域，对应的自然对数贝叶斯因子$\text{ln}B=5.5$。在该推断尺度之上，吸积驱动亚群的证据高度集中，与LVK基准自旋种群相比，自然对数贝叶斯因子达到16.6。
英文摘要
We report Bayesian evidence for a subpopulation of black holes, grown via accretion during the gaseous birth-stage of star clusters, in the cumulative GWTC-5.0 released by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration. This accretion channel predicts a saturating spin--mass relation, with low spins at low masses, rising continuously with mass through all intermediate spin values, to high spins at high masses. We test this prediction directly against the component spins of the catalogue. We single out 10 events with positive support and many others with weaker support across the whole component-mass range of the catalogue. We identify a preferred mass scale $m^t=20.7^{+11.6}_{-1.2}\,M_\odot$ (90\% credibility) separating regimes with different accretion-mixture fractions, with $\ln B=5.5$. Above this inferred scale, the evidence for an accretion-driven subpopulation is strongly concentrated, reaching a natural log Bayes factor of $16.6$ against the LVK fiducial spin population.
