用于时间压缩感知超声成像的可重构流水线SAR ADC（嵌入式压缩）
A Reconfigurable Pipelined-SAR ADC with Embedded Compression for Temporal Compressed-Sensing Ultrasound Imaging
浏览论文内容
中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究提出嵌入式压缩的可重构流水线SAR ADC，用于超声成像的RF数据时间压缩，在保留点目标几何的同时降低数据速率，且可通过压缩比权衡性能。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
紧凑型超声成像系统日益受到接收机侧采样、转换、存储及数据传输需求的限制。本研究提出一种压缩感知流水线逐次逼近寄存器模数转换器（CS-SAR ADC），用于预形成波束的医用超声射频（RF）数据的采集侧时间压缩。SAR采样网络中嵌入伪随机极性调制与电荷域累加，使多个连续RF采样在量化前被编码为一个测量值，支持的时间压缩比为$N_{cT}=1$、2和4。压缩后的输出通过特定探头的脉冲字典RF模型在片外恢复，再经常规超声波束形成处理。该芯片采用65nm CMOS工艺制造，电源电压1.2V，主时钟50MHz。非压缩模式下，其工作速率为10 MS/s，功耗964.49μW，对7.7kHz输入信号实现44.12dB的信噪比（SNDR）和56.40dB的无杂散动态范围（SFDR）。当$N_{cT}=2$和4时，ADC输出速率分别降至5 MS/s和2.5 MS/s。在所有评估的RF迹线中，归一化互相关（NCC）的中位数分别为0.981和0.932，归一化均方根误差（NRMSE）的中位数分别为0.36和0.56。线模体的定位误差保持在0.04mm以下，半高全宽（FWHM）无明显退化。在富含斑点的囊肿模体中，结构相似性（SSIM）分别保持0.94和0.87，对比噪声比（CNR）从参考值3.534降至2.047和1.379。这些结果表明，该硬件实现了一种可行的权衡：时间压缩大幅减少ADC转换次数和输出数据速率，同时保留点目标几何结构，而低对比度囊肿的可见度对压缩更为敏感。
英文摘要
Compact ultrasound imaging systems are increasingly constrained by receiver-side sampling, conversion, memory, and data-transfer requirements. This work presents a compressed-sensing pipelined successive-approximation-register analog-to-digital converter (CS-SAR ADC) for acquisition-side temporal compression of pre-beamformed medical ultrasound radio-frequency (RF) data. Pseudo-random polarity modulation and charge-domain accumulation are embedded in the SAR sampling network so that multiple consecutive RF samples are encoded into one measurement before quantization, supporting temporal compression ratios of $N_{cT}=1$, 2, and 4. The compressed outputs are recovered off chip using a probe-specific pulse-dictionary RF model and then processed with conventional ultrasound beamforming. A 65-nm CMOS prototype was measured with a 1.2-V supply and 50-MHz master clock. In the non-compressed mode, it operates at 10 MS/s, consumes 964.49~$μ$W, and achieves 44.12-dB SNDR and 56.40-dB SFDR for a 7.7-kHz input. The ADC output rates decrease to 5 MS/s and 2.5 MS/s for $N_{cT}=2$ and 4. Across all evaluated RF traces, median NCC values were 0.981 and 0.932, with median NRMSE values of 0.36 and 0.56, respectively. Wire-phantom localization error remained below 0.04 mm with no appreciable FWHM degradation. In the speckle-rich cyst phantom, SSIM remained 0.94 and 0.87, while CNR decreased from 3.534 in the reference to 2.047 and 1.379. These results demonstrate a hardware-realistic tradeoff in which temporal compression substantially reduces ADC conversion count and output data rate while preserving point-target geometry, whereas low-contrast cyst conspicuity is more compression-sensitive.
发表机构
- Georgia Institute of Technology（佐治亚理工学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
