发表机构
The Ohio State University; ETH Zurich（俄亥俄州立大学; 苏黎世联邦理工学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
该研究分析了相关噪声和光谱分辨率对HWO生物特征检索的影响，发现R=1000的分辨率更优，且HWO与LIFE任务协同可提升生物特征检测与检索精度。
AI 中文摘要
在宇宙中寻找其他地方的生命迹象是系外行星领域的终极目标。未来的空间任务如宜居世界天文台（Habitable World Observatory, HWO）正在开发中，用于搜索系外行星的生物特征。我们研究了相关噪声和光谱分辨率对检索到的生物特征化学丰度的影响。对于HWO的标称光谱分辨率R=140，我们表明在40%的模拟运行中，检索到的生物特征（H₂O和O₂）丰度与输入的真实值至少相差1σ；当R=1000时，1σ的不准确率降至10%。我们提供了检索到的生物特征丰度不确定性与相关噪声幅度之间的经验关系。作为降低低光谱分辨率下相关噪声对检索准确性影响的缓解计划的一部分，我们研究了覆盖紫外、光学和热红外波长的HWO与LIFE空间任务之间的协同作用。在考虑云层及其对行星反照率的影响后，我们发现这两个任务具有互补性：（1）更宽的波长覆盖范围可检测到更多生物特征（H₂O、CO₂、O₂和O₃）；（2）联合HWO+LIFE数据集可提高检索不确定性；（3）LIFE对大气温度廓线、表面压力和行星半径更敏感。这项工作为支持HWO选择R=1000的中等分辨率而非R=140提供了证据，并给出了不同光谱分辨率下检索丰度不确定性与相关噪声水平之间的定量关系。
英文摘要
Finding signs of life elsewhere in the universe is the holy grail of the field of exoplanets. Future space missions such as the Habitable World Observatory (HWO) are under development to search for biosignatures in exoplanets. We investigate the impact of correlated noise and spectral resolution on the retrieved biosignature chemical abundances. At the nominal spectral resolving power R=140 for HWO, we show that in 40\% of the simulated runs the retrieved biosignature (H$_2$O and O$_2$) abundances are at least 1-$σ$ off the input ground truth. At R=1000, the 1-$σ$ inaccuracy rate drops to 10\%. We provide an empirical relationship between the retrieved biosignature abundance uncertainty and the amplitude of the correlated noise. As part of the mitigation plan to reduce the impact of correlated noise on retrieval accuracy at low spectral resolution, we investigate the synergy between the HWO and LIFE space missions that cover ultraviolet, optical, and thermal-infrared wavelengths. After considering clouds and their effect on planet albedo, we find that the two missions are complementary in that (1) more biosignatures (H$_2$O, CO$_2$, O$_2$, and O$_3$) are detectable with a broader wavelength coverage; (2) retrieval uncertainty improves with the joint HWO+LIFE data set; and (3) LIFE is more sensitive to the atmospheric temperature profile, surface pressure, and planet radius. This work provides evidence to support the choice of a medium resolution at R=1000 instead of R=140 for HWO and a quantitative relationship between the retrieved abundance uncertainty and the level of correlated noise at different spectral resolutions.
CommentsThis paper and a paper by Nicole Wolff and colleagues on a similar topic were submitted independently to AAS journals. Both are the result of an independent investigation into the impact of correlated noise on HWO spectral retrieval analyses
