xTRUCE：面向智能体开放式无线接入网（O-RAN）中多xApp冲突缓解的可证明安全仲裁器
xTRUCE: A Provably Safe Arbiter for Multi-xApp Conflict Mitigation in Agentic O-RAN
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中文总结 AI 辅助
针对O-RAN中LLM驱动xApp提案的冲突等问题，提出可证明安全的仲裁器xTRUCE，通过三层约束层次与两阶段仲裁机制保障gNB控制安全，经仿真和空中实验验证其有效性。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
开放式无线接入网（O-RAN）正朝着智能体操作方向演进，由大语言模型（LLM）驱动的xApp/rApp会在运营商意图下生成控制提案，但这类提案可能存在冲突、不可行或生成幻觉的问题，现有系统无法同时提供与提案无关的安全性、感知优先级的协调及可追溯反馈。为此，我们在近实时（Near-RT）无线接入网智能控制器中提出一种可证明安全的仲裁器xTRUCE，用于缓解gNB控制中的多xApp冲突。我们首先开发了结构化xApp提案接口和三层约束层次结构，该结构将物理限制和运营商定义规则置于可放松的性能目标之上，同时引入双时间尺度控制动作空间。随后采用两阶段仲裁机制，按运营商优先级顺序最小化目标缺口，在Near-RT延迟预算内确定安全的E2动作，同时向xApp和运营商返回冲突证书以进行重新协商。最后，我们在多小区O-RAN用例中实现xTRUCE，通过带有实时API支持的LLM xApp的仿真，以及基于OpenAirInterface/FlexRIC的O-RAN栈的空中实验评估其多进程原型。结果表明，尽管存在严重的提案幻觉，xTRUCE仍能确保gNB控制下100%受保护服务的安全性，在过载情况下实现优先级一致的性能满意度，通过证书高效引导LLM意图重新协商，并保持延迟安全的E2控制回路。
英文摘要
The open radio access network (O-RAN) is evolving toward agentic operation, where large language model (LLM)-driven xApps/rApps generate control proposals under operator intents. However, such proposals may be conflicting, infeasible, or hallucinated, and no existing system jointly provides proposal-independent safety, priority-aware reconciliation, and traceable feedback. To this end, we propose a provably safe arbiter, namely xTRUCE, in the near-real-time (Near-RT) RAN intelligent controller for mitigating multi-xApp conflicts in gNB control. We first develop a structured xApp proposal interface and a three-layer constraint hierarchy that places physical limits and operator-defined rules above relaxable performance targets, alongside a dual-timescale control action space. A two-stage arbitration mechanism then minimizes target shortfalls in the operator-priority order to finalize safe E2 actions within the Near-RT latency budget, while returning conflict certificates to xApps and the operator for renegotiation. Finally, we implement xTRUCE in a multi-cell O-RAN use case, and evaluate its multi-process prototype through simulations with live API-backed LLM xApps and over-the-air experiments on OpenAirInterface/FlexRIC-based O-RAN stacks. Results show that xTRUCE ensures gNB control safety with $100\%$ protected services despite severe proposal hallucinations, achieves priority-consistent performance satisfaction under overload, efficiently guides LLM intent renegotiation via certificates, and keeps a delay-safe E2 control loop.
发表机构
- Virginia Tech（弗吉尼亚理工大学）
- University of Georgia（佐治亚大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
