AI 中文总结
本文针对O-RAN的安全漏洞，提出结合后量子密码等抗量子机制的零信任架构，分析其与相关组件的集成，为6G网络安全O-RAN架构指明研究方向。
AI 中文摘要
开放无线接入网（O-RAN）为下一代无线系统带来了前所未有的灵活性、互操作性和智能性，但其分解式与软件定义的架构也扩大了攻击面并产生了新的安全漏洞。传统密码机制虽能抵御经典威胁，但在具备量子能力的对手面前可能失效。本文全面探讨了O-RAN的量子安全，研究抗量子机制如何增强RAN生态系统的保密性、认证性与信任度，讨论了零信任架构下的后量子密码（PQC）、量子密码、量子认证及量子增强威胁检测，该架构基于持续验证、最小权限与微分段原则。分析了这些技术与近实时（Near-RT）RAN智能控制器、O-Cloud及开放接口的集成，以及实际部署考量、技术成熟度与采用时间线，最后勾勒出面向6G网络的安全、弹性且面向未来的O-RAN架构的开放研究方向。
英文摘要
Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN) introduce unprecedented flexibility, interoperability, and intelligence into next-generation wireless systems, but their disaggregated and software-defined architecture also expands the attack surface and creates new security vulnerabilities. Conventional cryptographic mechanisms, while effective against classical threats, may become insufficient in the presence of quantum-enabled adversaries. This article presents a comprehensive perspective on quantum security for O-RAN, examining how quantum-resilient mechanisms can enhance confidentiality, authentication, and trust across the RAN ecosystem. It discusses post-quantum cryptography (PQC), quantum cryptography, quantum authentication, and quantum-enhanced threat detection within a zero-trust architecture based on continuous verification, least privilege, and micro-segmentation. Their integration with the Near-Real-Time (Near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controller, O-Cloud, and open interfaces is analyzed, together with practical deployment considerations, technology maturity, and adoption timelines. Finally, open research directions are outlined toward secure, resilient, and future-proof O-RAN architectures for 6G networks.
