AI 中文总结
本研究对高红移引力透镜超亮超新星SN 2025wny开展多波段观测，发现其特殊光谱特征，建模推测其需非标准能源，为相关研究提供关键参考。
AI 中文摘要
SN 2025wny是一颗红移z=2.015的引力透镜化、贫氢超亮超新星（SLSN-I），是迄今为止观测最充分的高红移核心坍缩超新星，拥有所有超亮超新星中最详细的静止帧紫外观测数据。我们利用JWST、Keck、VLT、Gemini、帕洛玛200英寸望远镜、Wendelstein的Fraunhofer望远镜及利物浦望远镜等多个设备，获取了其从峰值后（静止帧）+80天内的密集采样静止帧紫外至光学波段的测光与光谱数据。经引力透镜放大校正后，SN 2025wny在静止帧1500-4230埃波段的峰值伪热光度L_peak≳4×10^44 erg s^-1，处于典型SLSN-I的光度范围内。SN 2025wny呈现多个特殊特征：+20至+60天的远紫外（FUV）存在连续谱超量及尖锐光谱特征，与FUV光变曲线平台及更高的推断黑体温度重合；其光谱几乎无紫外线遮蔽，尽管温度高却无明显O II吸收，且存在C II、Hα及可能的He I证据。光变曲线建模显示SN 2025wny可能需要混合或非标准能源。本研究为高红移超亮超新星提供了首批详细约束，并确立SN 2025wny为识别与解释Rubin及Roman望远镜发现的高红移超亮超新星的关键光谱与测光参考。
英文摘要
SN 2025wny is a gravitationally lensed, hydrogen-poor superluminous supernova (SLSN-I) at z = 2.015. To date, it is the most extensively observed high-redshift core-collapse SN and has the most detailed rest-frame UV observations of any SLSN. We present densely sampled rest-frame UV-to-optical photometry and spectroscopy out to +80 d post-peak (rest frame) from several facilities, including JWST, Keck, VLT, Gemini, the Palomar 200-inch, the Fraunhofer Telescope at Wendelstein, and the Liverpool Telescope. Correcting for lensing magnification, SN 2025wny reaches a peak pseudo-bolometric luminosity of $L_{\rm peak}\gtrsim4\times10^{44}$ erg s$^{-1}$ over rest-frame 1500-4230 Å, placing it within the luminosity range of typical SLSNe-I. SN 2025wny exhibits several unusual features, including a continuum excess and sharp spectral features in the FUV from +20-60 d that coincide with an FUV light-curve plateau and higher inferred blackbody temperatures. SN 2025wny's spectra also show little to no UV line blanketing, no obvious O II absorption despite high temperatures, and evidence for C II, H$α$, and possible He I. Light-curve modeling suggests that SN 2025wny may require a hybrid or non-standard power source. This work provides some of the first detailed constraints on high-redshift SLSNe and establishes SN 2025wny as an essential spectral and photometric reference for identifying and interpreting high-redshift SLSNe discovered by Rubin and Roman.
CommentsSubmitted to the ApJ Focus Issue on SN 2025wny (Paper II). 40 pages, 37 figures, 9 tables
