对话需三方：开发者、召集者与参与者如何塑造119场Polis对话的实证观察
It Takes Three to Converse: Empirical Observations on How the Developer, the Convener and the Participant Shaped 119 Polis Conversations
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究以119场Polis对话为对象，探究开发者、召集者、参与者三方对流程结果的影响，发现聚类结果无法通过投票数据复现，建议召集者流程结束后全面分析数据。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
Polis是一款流行的民主创新工具，可通过原子式陈述开展异步公民参与：这些简短陈述共同描述一个复杂问题，邀请公民对每一条陈述投同意或反对票。本文基于收集的271个流程中的119场对话（每场有100名及以上参与者）及大量数据导出，探究此类流程的结果由什么决定。三方塑造结果：平台开发者做出了限制结果的重要设计选择，包括平台可报告的群组数量（限制为2至5个）以及优先排序的陈述；召集者定义任务：设定基调的初始陈述、接受或拒绝新陈述的政策，以及可邀请的对象；最终参与者在这些边界内行动。由于参与者仅能访问不到一半的生成陈述，当对话中待完成的陈述数量可实现时，他们会对更多陈述做出回应，反之则回应更少。由于采用了热路径聚类等选择，导出的最终聚类无法基于投票数据复现。召集者或许应在流程结束后重新分析自身对话，以全面考量数据，并明确自身的分析优先级。
英文摘要
Polis is a popular democratic innovation tool that allows asynchronous citizen engagement through atomic statements: short statements that together describe a complex question, inviting the citizen to vote Agree or Disagree on each. This paper uses 119 conversations with 100 or more participants and an extensive data export, drawn from a wider set of 271 collected processes. The paper asks what determines the output of such a process. Three parties shape the result. The developer of the platform has made important design choices that restrict the outcome: the number of groups the platform is able to report (restricted to 2--5) and which statements are prioritized. The convener defines the assignment: the initial statements that set the tone, the policy that accepts or rejects new statements and who can be invited. Finally, the participant works within these boundaries. With access to less than half of the generated statements, they end up responding to more statements when their conversation seems to have an achievable number of statements to complete, than when they are presented with more statements. Due to choices such as warm path clustering, the exported resulting clustering cannot be reproduced based on the voting data. Conveners may want to re-analyse their own conversations once the process is closed, to consider the data in its entirety, and make their own analysis priorities explicit.
