AI 中文总结
该研究发现等离子体尾场可作为移动量子结构支持相对论涡旋电子态，推导了相关电子旋量本征态，分析了波包与扰动，为高能涡旋电子制备及相对论粒子量子态控制提供了新途径。
AI 中文摘要
等离子体尾场加速通常被视为产生高能带电粒子束的经典机制。本文表明，轴对称等离子体尾场也可作为一种移动的量子结构，支持相对论涡旋电子态。从狄拉克方程出发，我们在理想气泡区尾场中推导了具有确定总角动量的电子旋量本征态：横向聚焦场将电子横向运动约束并量子化为拉盖尔-高斯涡旋模式，纵向电场在不破坏对称性保护的角动量的情况下加速电子。我们进一步分析了局域化与离轴涡旋电子波包，以及非理想尾场扰动，确定了保持电子涡旋态纯度的条件。这些结果表明，等离子体尾场是获得高能涡旋电子的一条途径，并将基于等离子体的加速从经典束动力学扩展到相对论粒子的量子态控制。
英文摘要
Plasma wakefield acceleration is usually regarded as a classical mechanism for producing high- energy charged-particle beams. Here we show that an axisymmetric plasma wakefield can also act as a moving quantum structure that supports relativistic vortex electron states. Starting from the Dirac equation, we derive the electron spinor eigenstates with definite total angular momentum in an ideal bubble-regime wakefield. The transverse focusing field confines and quantizes the electron transverse motion into Laguerre-Gaussian vortex modes, while the longitudinal electric field acceler- ates the electron without destroying the symmetry-protected angular momenta. We further analyze the localized and off-axis vortex electron wave-packets, and non-ideal wakefield perturbations, and identify the conditions for preserving electron-vortex-state purity. These results suggest plasma wakefield as a route toward high-energy vortex electrons and extend plasma-based acceleration from classical beam dynamics to quantum-state control of relativistic particles.
CommentsThis version was submitted to Physical Review Journals on August 19th, 2026
