气体中高次谐波产生的密度梯度效应
Density-gradient effect in high-harmonic generation in gases
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究揭示气体中高次谐波产生（HHG）的气压梯度中相位匹配与吸收的强相互作用显著影响宏观HHG效率，其结果对需高光子通量的HHG光源应用具有重要意义。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
气体靶中的高次谐波产生（HHG）是产生亚飞秒级相干极紫外（XUV）脉冲最广泛的方法，但该过程固有效率较低，全球大量研发工作致力于通过这种高度非线性的光与物质相互作用提高可实现的光子通量。本研究表明，气压梯度中的相位匹配与吸收存在强相互作用，会显著影响宏观HHG效率；通过详细的实验分析和配套的数值研究，我们强调了这种相互作用的重要性，尤其在相互作用体积的边界处。所得结果对HHG光源不断扩展的应用场景具有重要意义，这些场景需要高光子通量，例如半导体工业、生物与工业样品的纳米级成像，或极紫外波段的非线性光学领域。
英文摘要
High-harmonic generation (HHG) in gaseous targets is the most widespread method to produce coherent extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) pulses with sub-femtosecond duration. However, this process has intrinsically low efficiency, and substantial research and development is devoted worldwide to increase the achievable photon flux through this highly nonlinear light--matter interaction process. In this work, we show the strong interplay of phase matching and absorption in gas-pressure gradients, substantially affecting macroscopic HHG efficiency. Through detailed experimental analysis and supporting numerical studies, we highlight their significance, particularly at the boundaries of the interaction volume. The concluded results have implications in the massively expanding application possibilities of HHG sources requiring high photon flux, for example in the semiconductor industry, in nanoscale imaging of biological and industrial samples, or in nonlinear optics in the XUV regime.
