AI 中文总结
该研究揭示了聚合物功能化介孔的作用机制，证明经设计的聚合物填充物可提升胶体渗透速率与选择性，为核孔复合体的渗透选择性提供物理解释，也为相关装置设计提供策略。
AI 中文摘要
聚合物功能化介孔是用于胶体分离、传感和递送的新兴技术，活细胞中的核孔复合体（NPC）可控制生物胶体在细胞核与细胞质之间的运输，这一特性凸显了该技术的潜力。即使比生物聚合物填充的NPC通道小得多的胶体也会被有效阻断，但一些具有独特表面特征的较大胶体会快速渗透。人们通常认为任何聚合物填充物都会阻碍并减缓胶体运输。我们证明，吸引胶体且延伸至介孔外以最大化胶体捕获的聚合物填充物，反而能比裸孔提高渗透效率。我们还明确了聚合物填充介孔如何根据胶体的尺寸和表面特征有效“门控”胶体。我们的发现为NPC的精细渗透选择性提供了基础物理解释，并为新型基于介孔的分离、传感、催化和药物递送装置提供了合理的设计策略，这些装置将具备增强的性能特征。
英文摘要
Polymer-functionalised mesopores are an emerging technology for colloid separation, sensing and delivery. Their potential is strikingly illustrated in living cells, where nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) control biocolloid transport between the nucleus and the cytosol. Even colloids much smaller than the biopolymer-filled NPC channel are effectively blocked, but some larger colloids with distinct surface features rapidly permeate. Simplistically, one may expect any polymer filling to obstruct and slow down colloid transport. We demonstrate how a polymer filling that attracts colloids and extends beyond the mesopore, thus maximizing colloid capture, can instead increase permeation compared to a bare pore. We also define how polymer-filled mesopores can effectively gate colloids according to their size and surface features. Our findings provide a basic physical explanation for the exquisite permselectivity of NPCs, and a rational design strategy for novel mesopore-based separation, sensing, catalysis and drug delivery devices with enhanced performance features.
