空间望远镜时代的宁静致密双星遗迹种群
Quiescent and Interacting Compact Remnant Binary Populations in the Space Telescope Era
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究结合BPASS恒星模型与FIRE模拟的合成银河系，预测了银河系宁静致密双星种群及其演化，与观测吻合度良好，还预测了Gaia和Roman未来可探测的候选系统数量，为相关研究提供了理论参考。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
自盖亚BH1（Gaia BH1）被发现以来，人们对宁静双星系统的兴趣日益浓厚。此后又发现了两个额外的黑洞双星系统，以及数个候选中子星双星系统，但这些系统的形成路径仍知之甚少。对这些系统及其演化形成的种群（如X射线双星（XRB））开展理论研究，有助于限定它们的形成通道。我们对银河系宁静双星系统及其后续演化阶段（包括X射线双星和相互作用后的宁静双星）的种群进行了预测。我们将来自双星种群与光谱合成代码（BPASS）的恒星模型，与通过真实环境反馈（FIRE）模拟生成的合成银河系相结合。我们将结果与现有观测进行比较，以评估合成种群对观测的重现程度。我们发现整体吻合度良好，观测到的伴星质量、致密天体质量和轨道周期大多能被重现，仅Gaia BH系统除外。我们的结果还表明，一些拥有低质量伴星和宽轨道周期的吸积致密遗迹可能不会呈现X射线亮。剩余的差异表明，应扩大BPASS的初始参数空间、修正公共包层演化方案，并在低质量伴星模型中纳入磁制动机制。我们还预测了未来盖亚数据发布和南希·格蕾丝·罗曼空间望远镜（简称Roman）可探测到的系统数量，特别是银心时域巡天预计将获得大量宁静黑洞双星候选系统。我们预测，银心时域巡天将探测到约200-600个宁静双星候选系统，而Gaia DR5将识别出约2500-4000个候选系统。
英文摘要
Since the discovery of Gaia BH1, interest in quiescent binary systems has grown. Two additional black-hole binaries have since been discovered alongside several candidate neutron-star binaries, yet the formation pathways of these systems remain poorly understood. Theoretical studies of these systems, together with the populations into which they evolve, such as X-ray binaries (XRBs), can help constrain their formation channels. We present predictions for the Galactic population of quiescent binary systems and their later evolutionary phases, including XRBs and post-interaction quiescent binaries. We combine stellar models from the Binary Population and Spectral Synthesis code (BPASS) with a synthetic Milky Way generated using Feedback In Realistic Environments (FIRE) simulations. We compare our results with existing observations to assess how well the synthetic population reproduces the observations. We find generally good agreement, with observed donor masses, compact-object masses, and orbital periods largely reproduced, except for the Gaia BH systems. Our results also suggest that some accreting compact remnants with low-mass donors and wide orbital periods may not be X-ray bright. Remaining discrepancies indicate that the BPASS initial parameter space should be expanded, the common-envelope evolution prescription revised, and magnetic braking included in low-mass donor models. We also predict the number of systems detectable in future Gaia data releases and by the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (hereafter referred to as Roman). In particular, the Galactic Bulge Time Domain Survey is expected to yield a significant population of quiescent black-hole binaries. We predict that ~200-600 candidate quiescent binary systems will be detected in the Galactic Bulge Time Domain Survey, while ~2500-4000 candidate systems will be identified in Gaia DR5.
