热电对中共模汤姆逊热抵消的精确分支转移判据

中文摘要 AI 辅助

热电p型和n型支腿通常通过匹配其塞贝克系数的大小进行配对，尽管制冷器响应的是通过其完整电和热网络传输的热量。我们将支腿系数分解为差分热电势α=S_p-S_n和共热电势M=(S_p+S_n)/2。在连通的稳态标量热电网络中，对每个电活性段施加的与温度无关的共移是精确的终端零点。而支腿相对于固定引线的与温度相关的扰动则是物理上可实现的。在固定电流和共享等温端点的条件下，其一阶冷端响应是Γ_m=T dm/dT对p型和n型支腿定向收集量之差的作用。我们证明，当且仅当这些收集量相等时，每个连续的Γ_m都会抵消。在常数属性、线性共模极限下，匹配R_i/K_i^leg就足够，且不要求支腿完全相同。一维和二维计算在其所述范围内验证了这些解析简化结果。对于分离式热垫，分析得出精确阵列定律ΔQ_{c,Σ}=∑_j C_jI_jΔT_{c,j}；对于具有等温热对的串联元件，IΔV_Σ=-ΔQ_{c,Σ}。一个代表性的七对模型给出相应的增量为7.87 mW和-2.80 mV。因此，分支转移和端点拓扑为共模汤姆逊热提供了不同的材料配对和器件测试判据。

英文摘要

Thermoelectric p- and n-type legs are commonly paired by matching their Seebeck magnitudes, although a cooler responds to heat transported through its complete electrical and thermal network. We decompose the leg coefficients into differential thermopower $α=S_p-S_n$ and common thermopower $M=(S_p+S_n)/2$. In a connected steady-state scalar thermoelectric network, a temperature-independent co-shift applied to every electrically active segment is an exact terminal null. A temperature-dependent perturbation of the legs relative to fixed leads is instead physical. At fixed current and shared isothermal endpoints, its first-order cold-port response is the action of $Γ_m=T\,dm/dT$ on the difference between the p- and n-branch oriented collection measures. We prove that every continuous $Γ_m$ cancels if and only if these measures are equal. In the constant-property, linear-common-mode limit, matching $R_i/K_i^{\rm leg}$ is sufficient and does not require identical legs. One- and two-dimensional calculations confirm the analytic reductions within their stated domains. For split thermal pads, the analysis gives the exact array law $ΔQ_{c,Σ}=\sum_j C_jI_jΔT_{c,j}$ and, for series elements with isothermal hot pairs, $IΔV_Σ=-ΔQ_{c,Σ}$. A representative seven-pair model gives corresponding increments of 7.87 mW and $-2.80$ mV. Branch transfer and endpoint topology therefore provide distinct material-pairing and device-test criteria for common-mode Thomson heat.

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38 pages, 5 figures