AI 中文总结
本文通过EM-GW联合分析SN 2023ixf的多信使数据，未观测到相关GW信号，结合EM数据推断该事件无黑洞形成，支持中子星形成场景，其前身星质量或低于20倍太阳质量。
AI 中文摘要
核心坍缩超新星（CC-SNe）的物理触发是现代暂现宇宙巡天的核心主题。多信使方法可为新生中子星（NS）或黑洞（BH）产生的CC-SNe提供独特观测窗口。本文对近邻事件SN 2023ixf开展电磁-引力波（EM-GW）联合分析，采用无模型依赖的宽带搜索，其中啁啾信号的引力波（GW）能量探测阈值为$10^{-5} M_\uda2c^2$量级，1kHz以下类噪声辐射的阈值为$10^{-2} M_\uda2c^2$。在首次发现后的2.5天窗口内，未观测到LIGO汉福德-利文斯顿（H1-L1）与SN 2023ixf相关的联合信号。结合电磁测光-光谱数据，该零结果表明不存在黑洞形成，部分依据GW170817之后为GW170817B供能的黑洞质量标度关系。该多信使结果支持与NS形成一致的场景，与电磁解释估计的前身星质量可能低于约$20 M_\uda2c^2$相符。
英文摘要
The physical trigger of core-collapse supernova (CC-SNe) is a central theme in modern surveys of the transient Universe. A multi-messenger approach may provide a unique window to CC-SNe produced by a newly born neutron star (NS) or black hole (BH). Here we apply joint electromagnetic-gravitational wave (EM-GW) analysis to the nearby event SN 2023ixf using a model-independent broadband search with a GW-energy detection threshold of a few times $10^{-5} M_\odot c^2$ for chirps and $10^{-2}$ $M_\odot c^2$ for noise-like emission below 1\,kHz. No joint LIGO Hanford-Livingston (H1-L1) signal associated with SN 2023ixf is observed over a 2.5 day window proceeding the first discovery. Together with EM photometric-spectroscopic data, we interpret this null result to indicate the absence of BH formation, in part by mass-scaling of the BH powering GW170817B following GW170817. This multi-messenger outcome supports, hereby, scenarios consistent with NS formation, consistent with a progenitor mass likely below $\sim 20 M_\odot$ estimated by EM interpretations.
Comments9 pages, 3 figures
Journal refApJ 1006 212 (2026)
