ELT的MICADO首光成像仪：SCAO混合LQG+积分器控制器的首次台架性能测试
The MICADO first light imager for the ELT: first on-bench performance tests of the SCAO hybrid LQG+Integrator controller
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究针对ELT的MICADO首光成像仪SCAO系统，验证了混合LQG+积分器控制器的台架性能，测试了增加LQG控制模式数量的效果，并推进自主LQG调节器的研发。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
极大望远镜（ELT）预计将于2030年开始科学运行，MICADO是其首光成像仪。MICADO的单共轭自适应光学（SCAO）系统目前正在巴黎天文台进行组装与测试。MICADO的基线自适应光学控制策略采用混合方法：针对低阶模式使用线性二次高斯（LQG）调节器，该调节器经优化可适应振动和ELT风振带来的扰动；针对高阶模式使用积分作用控制器。尽管金字塔波前传感器（PyWFS）存在非线性及所谓的“光学增益”问题，但LQG控制在模拟中已被证明具有极高有效性，且LQG调节器对回路中光学增益的变化或其估计误差具有鲁棒性。因此，增加LQG调节器控制的模式数量，可降低控制器对运行期间难以估计的光学增益的敏感性。首个仅用LQG控制俯仰-倾斜模式的混合控制器，已通过COMPASS（端到端、GPU加速的自适应光学模拟平台）得到验证。我们将展示该混合控制器在MICADO-SCAO台架上的首次实验验证结果，还将呈现增加LQG控制模式数量的相关结果，以及实现自主LQG调节器所开展的工作。
英文摘要
The Extremely Large Telecope (ELT) is expected to begin scientific operations in 2030, with MICADO as its first-light imager. The Single Conjugate Adaptive Optics (SCAO) system for MICADO is currently being assembled and tested at the Observatoire de Paris. MICADO's baseline AO control strategy uses a hybrid approach: a Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) regulator for low-order modes, optimised to adapt to the disturbance caused by vibrations and ELT windshake, and an integral action controller for higher-oder modes. Despite the non linearity of the Pyramid Wavefront Sensor (PyWFS), the so-called "optical gains", LQG control has proven to be highly effective in simulation. It has been shown that the LQG regulator is resilient to optical gain variations in the loop or to inaccuracies in their estimation. Increasing the number of modes controlled by the LQG regulator would therefore make the controller less sensitive to the optical gains, which are notoriously difficult to estimate during operation. A first hybrid controller, with only tip-tilt controlled with LQG control, has been validated using COMPASS, the end-to-end, GPU-accelerated, AO simulation platform. We will present the first experimental validation of this hybrid controller on the MICADO-SCAO bench. We will also present results obtained by increasing the number of modes controlled with LQG control and the work carried out to go towards an autonomous LQG regulator.
