AI 中文总结
本研究开发量子生成函数（QGF）形式化方法，可高效研究多体开放量子系统长时动力学，应用于两类XXZ自旋链揭示了依赖初始态的不同长时输运 regime。
AI 中文摘要
相干幺正演化与环境诱导耗散的相互作用可在开放量子系统中引发丰富的非平衡动力学，涵盖有趣的输运现象到动力学相变。然而，现有针对多体开放量子系统模拟开发的方法，在获取此类长时动力学方面仍具挑战性。我们通过为开放多体系统开发量子生成函数（QGF）形式化方法来解决该问题，该方法既适用于由马尔可夫量子主方程描述的系综平均动力学，也适用于由量子轨迹形式化方法描述的轨迹分辨动力学，包括量子跳变和量子态扩散。我们的方法无需显式演化量子态即可计算高阶矩和涨落统计的动力学，为研究多体开放量子系统提供了一种高效且可扩展的途径。我们通过将该形式化方法应用于可积开放XXZ链和不可积开放次近邻XXZ自旋链，展示了其通用性，在这两个系统中，该方法揭示了不同的依赖于初始态的长时输运 regime。我们的工作确立了量子生成函数作为研究开放量子多体系统长时动力学的高效且可扩展框架的地位。
英文摘要
The interplay between coherent unitary evolution and environment-induced dissipation can give rise to a wide range of non-equilibrium dynamics in open quantum systems, ranging from interesting transport phenomena to dynamical phase transitions. However, accessing such long-time dynamics remains challenging for the existing methods developed for the simulation of many-body open quantum systems. We address this problem by developing a quantum generating function (QGF) formalism for open many-body systems for both ensemble-averaged dynamics governed by a Markovian quantum master equation and trajectory-resolved dynamics described by the quantum trajectory formalism, including quantum jumps, and quantum state diffusion. Our approach computes the dynamics of higher-order moments and fluctuation statistics without explicitly evolving the quantum state, thereby providing an efficient and scalable approach for investigating many-body open quantum systems. We demonstrate the versatility of the formalism by applying it to both the integrable open XXZ chain and the nonintegrable open next-nearest-neighbor XXZ spin chain, where it uncovers distinct initial state dependent long-time transport regimes. Our work establishes quantum generating functions as an efficient and scalable framework for investigating long-time dynamics in open quantum many-body systems.
Comments11 pages, 5 figures (including Supplementary Material)
