高电荷态钆的极紫外（EUV）外光谱
Beyond-EUV spectrum of highly-charged gadolinium
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- Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography (ARCNL)（先进纳米光刻研究中心）
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam（阿姆斯特丹自由大学）
- Pawsey Supercomputing Research Centre（珀西超级计算研究中心）
- University of New South Wales（新南威尔士大学）
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究针对与极紫外外光源相关的高电荷态钆离子Gd$^{18+}$和Gd$^{26+}$，采用CI+MBPT方法开展从头算相对论计算，明确了多激发态对其光谱的影响，为相关光源研发提供了关键数据支撑。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们对与基于激光产生钆等离子体的极紫外（EUV）外光源相关的复杂高电荷态离子Gd$^{18+}$和Gd$^{26+}$进行了从头算相对论计算。采用粒子-空穴组态相互作用结合多体微扰理论（CI+MBPT）方法，系统地饱和了$n=4$组态空间，并确定了多激发态对发射率光谱的影响。对于Gd$^{26+}$，我们发现其行为与等电子体Sn$^{12+}$类似，在某些有效温度下，多激发态有强贡献，甚至出现显著的四重激发态。相比之下，与工业相关的类钯Gd$^{18+}$的6.7nm发射主要由单激发态$4d^{10}$ $^{1}S_{0}$ - $4d^{9}4f$ $^{1}P_{1}$跃迁主导，而多激发态主要贡献于带外发射。
英文摘要
We report ab initio relativistic calculations on the complex Gd$^{18+}$ and Gd$^{26+}$ highly-charged ions, which are relevant to beyond-extreme-ultraviolet (BEUV) light sources based on laser-produced gadolinium plasmas. Using the particle-hole configuration-interaction with many-body perturbation theory (CI+MBPT) method, we systematically saturate the $n=4$ configuration space and determine the influence of multiply excited states on the emissivity spectrum. For Gd$^{26+}$ we find behavior analogous to that of its isoelectronic counterpart Sn$^{12+}$, with strong contributions from multiply excited states, where even the quadruply excited states become significant at certain effective temperatures. In contrast, the industry-relevant 6.7 nm emission of Pd-like Gd$^{18+}$ is dominated by the singly excited $4d^{10} {\ }^{1}S_{0}$ -- $4d^{9}4f {\ }^{1}P_{1}$ transition, while multiply excited states primarily contribute to out-of-band emission. The calculated spectra show good agreement with experiment and demonstrate that the importance of multiply excited states depends strongly on both charge state and plasma conditions.
