AI 中文总结
本研究制备并部署AlGaN/GaN霍尔效应传感器，用于HSX仿星器等离子体边缘原位磁场监测，其性能稳定，输出与等离子体储能存在时间相关性，可解决聚变系统磁诊断的积分漂移问题。
AI 中文摘要
直接式磁场传感器可解决聚变系统中常规感应磁诊断常见的积分漂移问题。本研究制备、封装并部署了一款AlGaN/GaN霍尔效应传感器，将其置于螺旋对称实验装置（Helically Symmetric eXperiment, HSX）内部——这是首款准螺旋对称仿星器，运行时轴上磁场为1 T，发射电子回旋共振加热（Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating, ECRH）功率最高达200 kW——用于等离子体边缘的原位磁场监测。该传感器利用AlGaN/GaN异质结构中形成的高迁移率二维电子气（two-dimensional electron gas, 2DEG）实现灵敏的磁场测量，而宽禁带GaN材料体系则为恶劣环境下的运行提供热稳定性。在连续68次等离子体放电脉冲过程中，该传感器保持正常工作，产生了与等离子体点火及放电动态相关的清晰瞬态响应。对偏置与非偏置运行模式、等离子体放电与仅线圈运行脉冲的对比分析证实，该响应源自偏置霍尔效应传感器元件。此外，在高能、后期击穿及失败击穿的放电脉冲中，传感器输出与HSX抗磁环测量的等离子体储能存在时间相关性。
英文摘要
Direct magnetic field sensors can address integration drift commonly observed in conventional inductive magnetic diagnostics used in fusion systems. In this work, an AlGaN/GaN Hall-effect sensor was fabricated, packaged, and deployed inside the Helically Symmetric eXperiment (HSX)---the first quasi-helically symmetric stellarator, operating with a 1 T on-axis magnetic field and up to 200 kW of launched electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) power---for in-situ magnetic field monitoring near the plasma edge. The sensor leverages the high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) formed in the AlGaN/GaN heterostructure for sensitive magnetic field measurement, while the wide-bandgap GaN material system provides thermal robustness for harsh-environment operation. During 68 consecutive plasma discharge shots, the sensor remained functional and produced clear transient responses associated with plasma ignition and discharge dynamics. Comparisons between biased and unbiased operation, as well as plasma-discharge and coil-only shots, confirmed that the response originated from the biased Hall-effect sensor element. Furthermore, the sensor output exhibited temporal correlation with the plasma stored energy measured by the HSX diamagnetic loop across high-energy, late-breakdown, and failed-breakdown discharges.
