AI 中文总结
该研究超越互易性与几何对称性，发现波散射中一类新型宽带线性关系，通过波导网络理论分析与同轴电缆实验验证，为相关领域应用开辟新方向。
AI 中文摘要
波散射的设计与控制，即器件反射和透射参数的设计与控制，具有普遍重要性。这些参数通常随频率变化，但它们之间可能存在某些与频率无关的线性关系。互易性和几何对称性（反射、旋转等）是经典且广为人知的例子，存在于许多器件中，可显著简化其设计。本研究超越上述范畴，引入一类无法由互易性或几何对称性诱导的新型关系。以波导网络为主要研究对象，探讨这类新型行为的条件与结果，并展示合适的示例装置。进一步使用同轴电缆进行实验验证预测，发现在0至1 GHz的宽频率范围内，实验结果与预测吻合极佳。本研究不仅加深了对波导网络动力学的理论理解，还为宽带信号处理、量子信息和集成光子学领域的应用开辟了新途径。
英文摘要
The design and control of wave scattering, that is, of the reflection and transmission parameters of a device, is of ubiquitous importance. These parameters generally change with varying frequency, though certain \emph{frequency-independent} linear relations may exist between them. Reciprocity and geometric symmetry (reflections, rotations, etc.) are classic and well-known examples that are present in many devices and significantly ease their design. In this work, we go beyond these and introduce a new class of relations that cannot be induced by reciprocity or geometric symmetry. Choosing networks of waveguides as our workhorse, we discuss the conditions and consequences of such novel behaviour and showcase suitable example setups. We further experimentally test our predictions using coaxial cables and find excellent agreement in the broad frequency range between 0 and 1 GHz. Our work not only deepens the theoretical understanding of waveguide network dynamics, but also opens new avenues for applications in broadband signal processing, quantum information, and integrated photonics.
