考虑异构资源间最优功率分配的虚拟电厂实时运行策略
Real-Time Operation Strategy of Virtual Power Plants With Optimal Power Disaggregation Among Heterogeneous Resources
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中文总结 AI 辅助
针对VPP功率分配难题，提出兼顾异构资源互补性与时间耦合特性的最优运行策略，结合快速分配算法降低计算开销，案例研究表明其可降本增效且在线计算耗时极短。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
虚拟电厂（VPP）可聚合需求侧的灵活资源为电网提供频率调节服务，助力解决供需平衡难题。在执行调节时，VPP需实时将电网要求的功率调整量分配给内部异构资源。由于资源的时间耦合特性、调节信号的不确定性以及快速响应的要求，该过程中实现最优功率分配颇具挑战性。现有研究依赖比例分配等启发式方法，未能充分利用多种资源的异构性。为此，本文提出一种VPP最优运行策略，通过优先使用低成本资源并考虑时间耦合特性，挖掘异构资源的互补特性。为降低在线部署的计算开销，进一步提出一种快速分配算法，无需依赖优化求解器。本文对由温控负荷和工业生产过程等资源构成的VPP运行进行案例研究，结果验证了所提策略可降低VPP运行成本、提升收益，且在线计算时间仅为毫秒级，研究成果有助于更好地挖掘需求侧灵活性。
英文摘要
The virtual power plant (VPP) can aggregate flexible resources on the demand side to provide frequency regulation for the grid, helping address the supply-demand balance challenges. When deploying regulation, the VPP disaggregates the requested power adjustment in real time among its internal heterogeneous resources. Achieving optimal power disaggregation in this process is challenging due to the temporal coupling characteristics of the resources, the uncertain regulation signals, and the requirement for fast response. Therefore, existing research relies on heuristic methods, such as proportional disaggregation, and fails to leverage the heterogeneity of multiple resources. Here, we propose an optimal operation strategy for VPPs to provide regulation, exploiting the complementary characteristics of heterogeneous resources by prioritizing the use of low-cost resources while considering temporal coupling. To reduce the computational overhead of online deployment, we further propose a fast disaggregation algorithm to eliminate the reliance on optimisation solvers. We conducted case studies on the operation of a VPP composed of resources including thermostatically controlled loads and industrial production processes. The results verified the reduced operation cost and increased profit of the VPP under the proposed strategy, with only milliseconds of online computation time. We believe that our work can help better exploit demand-side flexibility.
